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The book "The Nature of Physical Constants and the Structural-Mechanical and Thermodynamic Properties of Dark Gas" (2022) describes the laws of the macrosphere, in particular the interaction of solar radiation and gravitational radiation in the macrosphere. The resonance masses described there as mirroring and reflecting particles of the microsphere enable the previously unknown description of mass quantization in the microsphere. Only the energy quanta of 34 elementary particles are known and experimentally confirmed. With the experimental determination of the mass and lifespan of the Higgs particle of the macrosphere at CERN (2011-2013), the basis was created for the systematic investigation of the ephemeral elementary particles of the microsphere, including the modular sphere of photons. I was able to identify the 35th elementary particle as the carrier of gravitation (generator of force momenta) as well as the 36th elementary particle and the reflection particle as the carrier of the reciprocal fine structure constant. The 40 elementary particles of the microsphere are the carriers of different time contractions. Photons and infons (information particles) beyond the reflection particle are the carriers of different time dilations. Pressure and temperature in the cosmos are the result of the energy and force momenta of the short-lived particles. These positive-definite momenta are based on a non-structured gas, the dark gas. The dark gas is a continuum with a mass density “1. It penetrates all compact stable bodies (neutrino, electron, proton, neutron, atom, molecule) and, under suitable conditions (increased temperature and increased pressure), can even form these compact stable bodies from its mass. For example, the water molecules of natural water contain dark gas in the spaces between the atomic nucleus and the atomic shell. In shallow water flows with low velocity, real characteristics similar to the Mach lines of supersonic flows arise. This is made possible by the adiabatic exponent of the dark gas with the value 2. The infons contain the blueprint of retroactions between certain elementary particles of the microsphere, analogous to the DNA of living nature, only much simpler.
The proceedings is mainly devoted to experimental high energy physics which comprise (i) review articles on experimental techniques for the detection of particles and radiation; (ii) articles on experimental and theoretical challenges for particle physics in the nineties; (iii) description and laboratory guide to small table top experiments that were performed during the school and which can be reproduced easily for teaching purposes.
Superstring theory is a promising theory which can potentially unify all the forces and the matters in particle physics. A new multi-dimensional object which is called "D-brane" was found. It drastically changed our perspective of a unified world. We may live on membrane-like hypersurfaces in higher dimensions ("braneworld scenario"), or we can create blackholes at particle accelarators, or the dynamics of quarks is shown to be equivalent to the higher dimensional gravity theory. All these scenarios are explained in this book with plain words but with little use of equations and with many figures. The book starts with a summary of long-standing problems in elementary particle physics and explains the D-branes and many applications of them. It ends with future roads for a unified ultimate theory of our world.
This volume offers a comprehensive overview of our understanding of gravity at both the experimental and the theoretical level. Critical reviews by experts cover topics ranging from astrophysics (anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background, gamma ray bursts, neutron stars and astroparticles), cosmology, the status of gravitational wave sources and detectors, verification of Newton's law at short distances, the equivalence principle, gravito-magnetism, measurement theory, time machines and the foundations of Einstein's theory, to string theory and loop quantum gravity.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of modern particle physics accessible to anyone with a true passion for wanting to know how the universe works. We are introduced to the known particles of the world we live in. An elegant explanation of quantum mechanics and relativity paves the way for an understanding of the laws that govern particle physics. These laws are put into action in the world of accelerators, colliders and detectors found at institutions such as CERN and Fermilab that are in the forefront of technical innovation. Real world and theory meet using Feynman diagrams to solve the problems of infinities and deduce the need for the Higgs boson.Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics offers an incredible insight from an eyewitness and participant in some of the greatest discoveries in 20th century science. From Einstein's theory of relativity to the spectacular discovery of the Higgs particle, this book will fascinate and educate anyone interested in the world of quarks, leptons and gauge theories.This book also contains many thumbnail sketches of particle physics personalities, including contemporaries as seen through the eyes of the author. Illustrated with pictures, these candid sketches present rare, perceptive views of the characters that populate the field.The Chapter on Particle Theory, in a pre-publication, was termed 'superbly lucid' by David Miller in Nature (Vol. 396, 17 Dec. 1998, p. 642).
The Second Creation is a dramatic--and human--chronicle of scientific investigators at the last frontier of knowledge. Robert Crease and Charles Mann take the reader on a fascinating journey in search of "unification" with brilliant scientists such as Niels Bohr, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrödinger, Richard Feynman, Murray Gell-Mann, Sheldon Glashow, Steven Weinberg, and many others. They provide the definitive and highly entertaining story of the development of modern physics, and the human story of the physicists who set out to find the "theory of everything."
Not since Newton's apple has there been a physics phenomenon as deliciously appealing to the masses as Frank Close's Cosmic Onion. Widely embraced by scientists and laypersons alike, the book quickly became an international bestseller. Translated into seven languages, it propelled the author to become a worldwide celebrity as well as an inspi
Written for a two-semester Master's or graduate course, this comprehensive treatise intertwines theory and experiment in an original approach that covers all aspects of modern particle physics. The author uses rigorous step-by-step derivations and provides more than 100 end-of-chapter problems for additional practice to ensure that students will not only understand the material but also be able to apply their knowledge. Featuring up-to-date experimental material, including the discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN and of neutrino oscillations, this monumental volume also serves as a one-stop reference for particle physics researchers of all levels and specialties. Richly illustrated with more than 450 figures, the text guides students through all the intricacies of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory in an intuitive manner that few books achieve.
Presents an in-depth interdisciplinary discussion of the concept of information and its role in the control of natural processes. Reviews briefly classical and quantum information theory. Addresses numerous questions, including: Is information reducible to the laws of physics and chemistry? Does the Universe, in its evolution, constantly generate new information? Or are information and information-processing exclusive attributes of living systems, related to the very definition of life? If so, what is the role of information in classical and quantum physics? In what ways does information-processing in the human brain bring about self-consciousness? Accessible to graduate students and professionals from all scientific disciplines, this stimulating book will help to shed light on many controversial issues at the heart of modern science.