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Title IX, a landmark federal statute enacted in 1972 to prohibit sex discrimination in education, has worked its way into American culture as few other laws have. The subject of web blogs and T-shirt slogans, it is credited with opening the doors to the massive numbers of girls and women now participating in competitive sports, yet few people fully understand the extent to which it has succeeded in challenging the gender norms that have circumscribed women's place in society more generally. In this legal analysis of Title IX, the author, a law professor assesses the statute's successes and failures. She provides an understanding and appreciation of what Title IX has accomplished, while taking a critical look at the places where it has fallen short.
Whether you're a professional athlete or a dedicated weekend warrior, you're serious about your sport and your commitment to fitness. But now that you're pregnant, you may be getting conflicting health and exercise advice from your family, friends, and doctors. With all the concerns and misinformation, it's hard to know where to turn for accurate, supportive guidance so you can have a safe, healthy pregnancy and maintain a high level of fitness. Now, in The Pregnant Athlete, triathlete/trainer mom Brandi Dion, fitness professional Steven Dion, and OB/GYN Joel Heller have teamed up to offer: - Practical information on how your body changes each month, and how to gauge your own limits - Flexible workout plans for strength, cardiovascular conditioning, agility, and balance for each stage of pregnancy and the postpartum period - Facts and tips about eating well to support pregnancy and fuel your workouts - The truth about old wives' tales and common pregnancy myths and misconceptions ... With expert advice and medical insights from an OB/GYN, useful information for the pregnant athlete's partner, and inspiring stories from other athletic moms-to-be, The Pregnant Athlete will help you stay happy, healthy, and in top form during your pregnancy and beyond.
Tactical athletes (e.g., law enforcement, military, firefighters) require a proportionate fitness level, along with specific technical and tactical skills, to achieve short-term objectives and disable various threats. Although these professions have unique job duties and workplace exposures, tactical athletes share many commonalities. A tactical athlete's occupation requires her to be physically prepared for the unknown to protect the public. So what happens when the tactical athlete becomes pregnant? Benefits of physical activity throughout pregnancy for athletes, non-athletes, and baby have been well-documented. However, certain common tactical occupational conditions may result in adverse birth outcomes. These include shift work, high job stress, and exposures such as lead handling or high ambient temperatures. Additionally, extreme physical exertion around the implantation period may harm the developing embryo. In an unpredictable, potentially extremely physically demanding and stressful job environment, the pregnant tactical athlete may have higher risk for adverse birth outcomes compared to other women. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the reproductive health of physically active females with specific focus on tactical athletes. First, we wanted to determine any exercise limits for pregnant athletes. We were also interested whether reproductive health was an important concern for this population, and if their adverse birth outcomes were higher compared to the United States national average. Chapter one reviews the literature, examining the female athlete and tactical athlete, the physical and occupational demands of tactical professions, and the reproductive health concerns among law enforcement officers (LEOs) and firefighters. Chapter two is a comprehensive review on prenatal exercise. It highlights the lack of scientific rigor presented in earlier guidelines, and states the need for more research on the upper limits of exercise intensity for athletes. Female athletes can usually maintain regular exercise training during pregnancy. Chapter three uses grounded-theory to investigate reproductive health concerns among firefighters. Results indicate that reproductive health is unquestionably a large concern, with four resulting themes (i.e., decision-making, recruitment and retention, policy variation, and lack of research). Chapter four investigates adverse reproductive health outcomes in female LEOs. Miscarriage rates are compared with a large prospective linkage study, preterm birth rates are compared to a large systematic US review study, and links are explored between specific job exposures and pregnancy loss. Miscarriage rate for our population are 19.1%, and preterm birth rates are 16.4%, both significantly higher than US averages. Physical activity, including strenuous occupational demands during pregnancy, is not associated with pregnancy loss among female LEOs. Chapter five presents a findings summary and future research directions. Miscarriage and preterm birth appear to be higher than average for both female firefighters and LEOs. Exercise did not play a large role in the concerns of female firefighters, or findings from female LEOs. Future research should be conducted specifically on females working in tactical occupations, with an emphasis on reproductive health concerns. More education should be provided at the organization level on the potential occupational exposures that can cause increased risk of adverse birth outcomes in female tactical athletes.
"Casebook for use in upper level Sports Law course"--
"An important contribution to the fields of feminist jurisprudence and feminist theory."Â -- Mary Anne Bobinski, University of Houston Law Center Pregnant Men shows how to implement anti-essentialist and equality perspectives in teaching, writing, and the practice of law. Because there are no "pregnant men," equality theory is difficult to formulate in a reproductive health context. Instead, Colker examines cases involving men who are similarly situated to pregnant women -- and shows that pregnant women are, in fact, treated far worse than "almost-pregnant" men. The individual stories she tells are themselves fascinating, and they demonstrate Colker's model of a more practical feminist theory.
Triathlete, certified personal trainer, and mom Brandi DionÕs go-to guide for highly athletic women who want to stay fit and participate in their sport during pregnancy. Written with an exercise physiologist and OB/GYN.
The second edition of this comprehensive Handbook presents new and significantly revised chapters by leading scholars and practitioners in the burgeoning field of international sports law. National, regional and comparative dimensions of sports law are emphasized throughout, exploring a wide range of issues emerging in sports law today.
Now in its fourth edition, this text is still the only sport law textbook to introduce sport legal studies from a management perspective and integrate legal strategies to gain a competitive advantage in business. Acknowledging that students understand legal concepts better when they are tied to real sport management practice, the book is organized around the core management functions. It provides concise explanations of key concepts, as well as current industry examples and legal cases, and gives the student all the legal knowledge they need to become confident and effective professionals in sport management, recreation, or sport education. This new edition includes additional contributions from leading sport law educators and practitioners, and has expanded coverage of important contemporary issues including: · Sports injury and concussion litigation · Impact of Covid-19 on events and leagues · Gender discrimination, disability discrimination, sexual harassment, #metoo, and USWNT pay equity · Intellectual property, licensing agreements, publicity rights, social media influencers, and digital privacy · Student-athletes and marketing rights · Sport gambling and state regulation · Athlete activism, employee free speech, and collective bargaining · Olympic and Paralympic restructuring · NCAA Division 1 Coaches Contracts The book contains useful features and ancillaries to help with teaching and learning, including managerial context tables, case opinions, focus cases, strategies for competitive advantage, discussion questions, and learning activities. It is an essential text for any course on sport law or recreation law, an invaluable supplement to any course on sport business and management, and an important reference for all sport management practitioners. Online resources include a variety of exam questions for each chapter, featuring multiple choice, true or false, short answer exam questions and short essay questions, and a sample syllabus.
Sport Law: A Managerial Approach, third edition, merges law and sport management in a way that is accessible and straightforward. Its organization continues to revolve around management functions rather than legal theory. Concise explanations, coupled with relevant industry examples and cases, give readers just enough legal doctrine to understand the important concepts that apply to each area. This book will help prepare students as they get ready to assume a broad range of responsibilities in sport, education, or recreation. Whether readers work as coaches or teachers; administer professional programs; manage fitness/health clubs; or assume roles in a high school, college, Olympic, or professional sport organization, legal concerns will inevitably be woven into their managerial concerns. This book provides knowledge of the law that helps create a competitive advantage and build a more efficient and successful operation that better serves the needs of its constituents. Special Features of the Book Managerial context tables. Chapter-opening exhibits act as organizational and study tools identifying managerial contexts in relation to major legal issues, relevant law, and illustrative cases for the chapter. Case opinions, focus cases, and hypothetical cases. Legal opinions--both excerpted (case opinions) and summarized (focus cases)--illustrate relevant legal points and help readers understand the interplay between fact and legal theory. The cases include questions for discussion, and the instructor’s manual provides guidance for the discussion. Hypothetical cases further highlight topics of interest and include discussion questions to facilitate understanding of the material; analysis and possible responses appear at the end of the chapter. Competitive advantage strategies. Highlighted, focused strategies based on discussions in the text help readers understand how to use the law to make sound operational decisions and will assist them in working effectively with legal counsel. Discussion questions, learning activities, and case studies. Thoughtful and thought-provoking questions and activities emphasize important concepts;they help instructors teach and readers review the material. Creative case studies stimulate readers, as future sport or recreation managers, to analyze situations involving a legal issue presented in the chapter. Annotated websites. Each chapter includes a collection of web resources to help readers explore topics further. Accompanying the web addresses are brief descriptions pointing out key links and the sites' benefits. Bookmarking these sites will help readers in future research or throughout their careers.