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The main source of archaeological evidence for Late Roman Republican camps is a complex of installations around the Iberian city of Numantia in Spain, excavated by Adolf Schulten in the early 1900s. This book reassesses Schulten and concludes that much of his interpretation is questionable. Radically different alternative reconstructions making use of recent fieldwork are presented for several of the sites. A discussion of dating evidence leads to alternative dates being offered for some of the camps. To aid interpreting the sites, army organisation and art of encampment for the period of the Numantine Wars is discussed. This study gives added importance to the sites at Numantia, for they not only form the main source of archaeological evidence for Late Republican camps, but provide evidence for the form of camp for both the late manipular army and the early cohort one.
"Samuel Rocca analyzes the Herodian society. The most important facet of his analysis is the relationship between Herod as ruler and the Jewish subjects over whom he ruled. The author contends that Herod, though a Jewish ruler, regarded both Alexander the Great - the embodiment of the Hellenistic ruler - and Augustus as ideal models who were worthy of imitation. In fact, Herod pushed Judaea towards major Hellenization, albeit with many elements more akin to Rome." "The author's research, therefore, is not a biographical study of King Herod. Instead, it deals with Herod as the head of Jewish society in Judaea. It is first and foremost a study of Herodian society. Thus the author analyzes the Herodian ideology of rule, the court, the army, the administration, the economy, the ruling political bodies, the city as microcosm, the religion, and the burial customs." --Book Jacket.
Essential reading for scholars and students interested in sociology and biblical studies In this collection scholars of biblical texts and rabbinics engage the work of Barry Schwartz, Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Georgia. Schwartz provides an introductory essay on the study of collective memory. Articles that follow integrate his work into the study of early Jewish and Christian texts. The volume concludes with a response from Schwartz that continues this warm and fruitful dialogue between fields. Features: Articles that integrate the study of collective memory and social psychology into religious studies Essays from Barry Schwartz Theories applied rather than left as abstract principles
The Good Wine is an exciting and challenging overview of the gospel of John. Bruno Barnhart has created a mystical roadmap of the biblical book, which is often considered the most difficult and theological of the four gospels. Following the lead of Peter Ellis, Barnhart has organized the whole of John's gospel around a single truth: that God poured divine reality into humankind through the person of Jesus Christ. This belief stands at the center of the gospel, and every episode in the narrative refracts the light of that core affirmation. The gospel, when interpreted this way, assumes a mandalic pattern in which all parts are related to the center and through it to each other. The mandalic pattern is also a gate of entry for believers who seek to relate their own destinies to the Source of Life. This book differs from other treatments of John's gospel in that its method is sapiential, following the wisdom-tradition of the church fathers. It explores the symbolic significance of the gospel and pays attention to chiastic textures which establish patterned, repetitive relationships between narrative episodes. The result is a deeply spiritual work that explodes with flashes of illumination for persons who come to the gospel jaded with traditional scholarship.
Accessible, comprehensive, and up-to-date, Interpreting the Gospel and Letters of John is an ideal text for students new to the discipline of biblical studies. Sherri Brown and Francis J. Moloney present a broad overview of the story of Christianity arising out of its Jewish foundations and proceed to guide readers expertly through the contents of the Gospel and Letters of John. Maintaining that Johannine literature is best understood against the background of the Old Testament covenant metaphor, Brown and Moloney focus on the central role of covenant in the narrative of John's Gospel and highlight the Evangelist's use of fulfillment language. Helpful sidebars, maps, questions for review, and further-reading lists are placed throughout the text, making this volume well suited for classroom use.
Presenting a new and revealing overview of the ruling classes of the Roman Empire, this volume explores aspects of the relations between the official state structures of Rome and local provincial elites. The central objective of the volume is to present as complex a picture as possible of the provincial leaderships and their many and varied responses to the official state structures. The perspectives from which issues are approached by the contributors are as multiple as the realities of the Roman world: from historical and epigraphic studies to research of philological and linguistic interpretations, and from architectural analyses to direct interpretations of the material culture. While some local potentates took pride in their relationship with Rome and their use of Latin, exhibiting their allegiances publicly as well as privately, others preferred to keep this display solely for public manifestation. These complex and complementary pieces of research provide an in-depth image of the power mechanisms within the Roman state. The chronological span of the volume is from Rome’s Republican conquest of Greece to the changing world of the fourth and fifth centuries AD, when a new ecclesiastical elite began to emerge.
Intriguing historical fiction novel of Biblical and Roman times developed from a prize-winning story.$ave by getting the entire 3-Part edition containing all 3 parts in one volume. Step back to Ancient Jerusalem at the time of Jesus and of the Roman Empire, and ask: What could a cynical, non-conformist dry-goods salesman, a disgruntled blacksmith, and a musing mendicant all have in common? The answer: Down deep, they all seek something better. But will they find the true fulfillment they are seeking? The non-conformist, Manaheem, Herod's foster brother, is hired by Herod to foment an insurrection against Pontius Pilate, whom he distrusts. Manaheem recruits the blacksmith, Barabbas, to be the insurrection leader, to the dismay of Barabbas' Godly but fearful wife (when he finally tells her). Will the insurrection succeed? The mendicant, an unfortunate but pensive young man named Timotheus, joins with an older beggar completely unsympathetic to his musings. Pontius Pilate sees himself as a weak ruler, but his wife pushes him to be stronger and to even take over Herod's territory. Manaheem re-unites with his former wife, Claressa. In need of more money, he tries twice to blackmail Herod, losing Claressa in the process. Will he win her back? Barabbas, also in need of more money, turns to robbery, enlisting the aid of the two beggars. Will the result be riches or disaster? Does redemption lie ahead, and at what cost to those who find it? Amid conflicts, suspicion, and treachery within the empire, what will be the reactions of the rulers to the new sect called Christians?" "The story has a powerful message that has clearly been displayed throughout the novel. Mr. Becher takes you through a wide range of emotions from beginning to end. ..... This is a great novel that I'm sure you will enjoy!. 5 stars" -----Rudelle Thomas (Divine Eloquence)
This book combines careful reading of texts, inscriptions, coins and other archaeological materials to examine how religious practice, material culture and urban landscape changed as Philippi developed from a Roman colony to a major center for Christian worship and pilgrimage.
No event in the history of humankind has elicited more comment or sparked more controversy than the trials, crucifixion, and burial of Jesus of Nazareth. The Trials, Crucifixion, and Burial of Jesus of Nazareth investigates each of these events in much detail from the historical, archaeological, theological, geographical, and biblical viewpoints. The book distinguishes between the late-night, hurriedly called meeting of a quorum of Sanhedrin members and the official meeting in the Chamber of Hewn Stone the next morning. It examines the ten charges made against Jesus and why they changed so often throughout his trial. It also investigates the twenty-five obvious irregularities from Jewish law that were evident in Jesus’ trial. Explored is the legitimacy of applying Mishnaic law to a first-century trial. Every suggested location for the trial and crucifixion of the Master is explored along with the question “Did Jesus really die, and does it matter?” Finally, a complete inventory of Jesus’ physical, emotional, and spiritual suffering between Gethsemane and Golgotha is provided along with appropriate comments. This book is something of a one-stop shop for all things related to the trials, crucifixion, and burial of Jesus.