Published: 2001
Total Pages: 5
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Ion exchange and membrane studies of Ru(IV) in perchloric acid indicate that the charge per atom is +1, the charge per species is +4, and that Ru(IV) is tetrameric. Coulometric, cyclic voltametric and spectrophotometric studies indicate that tetrameric Ru(IV) can be reduced reversibly by two, one-electron processes to species with formal oxidation states of 3.75 and 3.5. Ru(3.5) is reduced reversibly to a transient species of Ru(III) which rapidly converts to a stable polymeric species of Ru(III) that can be reoxidized to Ru(IV) only irreversibly. Stable Ru(III) can be electrochemically reduced to Ru(II).