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Didactically, a textbook of criminology should start at the beginning. The learning process, also an emotional process, begins in criminology with the concepts, views, emotions, attitudes and ideas we have regarding crime and criminals. Exploration of these underlying factors is one of the aims of the present book. We can free our thinking only by being aware of the significance of our own feelings and thoughts about a phenomenon like crime. 'That is the basic problem confronting us. In scien tific thinking implicit postulates as to the sensus communis, unless recognized and 1 neutralized, grow into idols.' The fight against crime is one example of such an idol. Crimes and criminals exist only by virtue of reactions to certain forms of be havior. For this reason this book will begin by examining the reactions of society to crime. Criminology is primarily a science of others than offenders. In this sense I invert criminology. The history of criminology is not so much a history of offenders, 2 as a history of the reactions of those in power.
Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
A Thoroughly Revised and Updated Ninth Edition of the Leading Text in the FieldDelinquency in Society is a balanced and up-to-date examination of the historical, social, and theoretical contexts of delinquency. A comprehensive and systematic overview of juvenile delinquency, criminal behavior, and status-offending youths, the text includes an overview of critical theories on delinquency and juvenile crime as well as a review of historical and institutional responses to delinquency. Clear, accessible language, a student-friendly approach, and fully updated research make the text suitable for students in undergraduate and graduate criminology and sociology programs. The text's focus on interdisciplinary analysis encourages student critical thinking and connection-building.The revised and updated ninth edition includes new sections on gender and violence, biological and biosocial theories of violence, gang violence, and an expanded discussion of bullying in schools, zero-tolerance policies, and reducing school risk factors for bullying. The ninth edition incorporates the most current statistics and research and includes case studies and discussion questions to prompt student engagement and self-directed study. Long considered the best and most accessible text available on delinquency, Delinquency in Society is the most thoroughly and accurately researched delinquency text on the market and is a superb reference for students at all stages of their academic careers.The revised and updated ninth edition includes:* A full ancillary suite of instructor support materials, including PowerPoint lecture outlines, an Image Bank, and a Test Bank* Full student access to the companion website, which features a variety of interactive and engaging study tools (included in the price of a new print textbook) * A balanced, apolitical approach that prompts student engagement, discussion, and critical thinking* The most current research across multiple related fields, including psychology, psychiatry, and public health* New, up-to-date content, including new box features throughout that provide further insight into contemporary issues* A student-friendly approach designed to engage students and encourage exploration and self-directed study
Delinquency in Society, Tenth Edition provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of juvenile delinquency, criminal behavior, and status-offending youths.
A comprehensive selection of over 140 writings on women's studies, representing a diverse set of current feminist thinkers Women's Studies: Essential Readings provides a wide range of readers with an entirely comprehensive selection of ever 140 readings on women's studies, representing the entire diversity of current feminist thinking. The book is a divided into fourteen sections that reflect primary topics within women's studies, covering theory and perspectives, including: feminist social theory; psychological and psychoanalytic theory; cross-cultural perspectives and historical perspectives, as well as themes such as: education and work; marriage and motherhood; sexuality; the law; crime and deviance; politics and the state; science, medicine and reproductive technology; language and gender; feminist literary criticism; and the media tool Features: Introductions to each section provide an overview of the main issues and debates. Commentaries on each extract locate the work of individual authors within wider debates and identify the perspective from which they are writing. Each section contains a guide to further reading.