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How did Norway become a highly successful liberal democracy? Will its prosperity and stability last, or has modern history been an exception? Is the Norwegian experience based on luck, or has a part been played by clever politicians and sound institutions, including a well-functioning rule of law? How does Norway combine social democracy with a market economy, and extensive foreign trade? Since the 1970s, Norway has become an oil-producing giant in Northern Europe–how can that role be reconciled with the realities of climate change, and increasing awareness of that crisis? This highly engaging book introduces Norwegian political and economic history to a broad audience, offering a deeper understanding of a country always looked upon with great interest, but perhaps not profoundly understood. The Norwegian Exception? takes the reader back through 200 years of state-building to explain Norway’s current position as a top- ranking nation, and to consider its chances of keeping that status in the twenty-first century. In particular, it unpacks how Norwegian politics and governance have shaped the country’s world-famous oil fund and unique relationship with the European Union. Leading historians Mathilde Fasting and Oystein Sorensen skilfully draw back the curtain on the inner workings of the Norwegian ‘utopia’.
From the bestselling author of Kafka on the Shore: A magnificent coming-of-age story steeped in nostalgia, “a masterly novel” (The New York Times Book Review) blending the music, the mood, and the ethos that were the sixties with a young man’s hopeless and heroic first love. Now with a new introduction by the author. Toru, a serious young college student in Tokyo, is devoted to Naoko, a beautiful and introspective young woman, but their mutual passion is marked by the tragic death of their best friend years before. As Naoko retreats further into her own world, Toru finds himself drawn to a fiercely independent and sexually liberated young woman. Stunning and elegiac, Norwegian Wood first propelled Haruki Murakami into the forefront of the literary scene.
H. Arnold Barton investigates Norwegian political and cultural influences in Sweden during the period of the Swedish-Norwegian dynastic union from 1814 to 1905. Although closely related in origins, indigenous culture, language, and religion, Sweden and Norway had very different histories, resulting in strongly contrasting societies and forms of government before 1814. After a proud medieval past, Norway had come under the Danish crown in the fourteenth century and had been reduced to virtually a Danish province by the sixteenth. In 1814, as a spin-off of the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark relinquished Norway, which became a separate kingdom, dynastically united with Sweden with its own government under a constitution independently framed that year. Disputes during the next ninety-one years caused Norway unilaterally to dissolve the tie. Seeing the union a failure, most historians have concentrated on its conflicts. Barton, however, examines the impact of the union on internal developments, particularly in Sweden. Prior to 1814, Norway, unlike Sweden, had no constitution and only the rudiments of higher culture, yet paradoxically, Norway exerted a greater direct influence on Sweden than vice versa. Reflecting a society lacking a native nobility, Norway's 1814 constitution was--with the exception of that of the United States--the most democratic in the world. It became the guiding star of Swedish liberals and radicals striving to reform the antiquated system of representation in their parliament. Norway's cultural void was filled with a stellar array of artists, writers, and musicians, led by Bj rnsjerne B rnson, Henrik Ibsen, and Edvard Grieg. From the 1850s through the late 1880s, this wave of Norwegian creativity had an immense impact on literature, art, and music in Sweden. By the 1880s, however, August Strindberg led a revolt against an exaggerated "Norvegomania" in Sweden. Barton sees this reaction as a fundamental inspiration to Sweden's intense search for its own cultural character in the highly creative Swedish National Romanticism of the 1890s and early twentieth century. Thirty-three illustrations of art and architecture enhance Sweden and Visions of Norway.
Many international obligations are subject to exceptions. These can be expressed in several ways: an obligation may be vitiated by the presence of one of its constitutive negative requirements, an obligation may be set aside by the application of another more specific rule, or an actor might have a right to act in a certain way notwithstanding a contrary obligation. Exceptions are also of fundamental practical importance: for example, they affect the allocation of the burden of proof. This volume provides a systematic and analytic study of exceptions to legal obligations in international law and defences for breaches of these obligations. It features contributions written by legal philosophers, who introduce various theoretical approaches to the role of exceptions, and scholars of international law, who elaborate on generic issues applicable to exceptions in international law as well as examine specific issues arising from exceptions in their respective areas of expertise. Topics covered include the use of force, international criminal law, human rights, trade, investment, environment, and jurisdictional immunities.
Buy a new version of this textbook and receive access to the Connected eBook with Study Center on CasebookConnect, including: lifetime access to the online ebook with highlight, annotation, and search capabilities; practice questions from your favorite study aids; an outline tool and other helpful resources. Connected eBooks provide what you need most to be successful in your law school classes. Learn more about Connected eBooks Intended for use in an International Law survey course, International Law, Seventh Edition provides comprehensive coverage of foundational international law questions, including the nature and sources of international law, core doctrinal topics such as the subjects of international law (states and international organizations), and the jurisdictional powers and immunities of states. The book also addresses key substantive topics in international law, with reference to important contemporary foreign policy issues, such as (i) international human rights, (ii) the law of the sea, (iii) international environmental law, (iv) the use of force and the law of armed conflict, and (v) international criminal law. Key Features: New co-author Duncan Hollis of Temple Law School joins Stanford Law School’s Allen Weiner as the active authors of the book. New discussions of major international developments, including the law governing the use of force [e.g., cyber operations and the military campaign against the Islamic State (ISIS)], nonproliferation (e.g., the Iranian and North Korean nuclear crises), the law of the sea (e.g., disputed maritime claims in the South China Sea), and international environmental law (e.g., the conclusion of the Paris Agreement). New case study in Chapter 1 focused on the international response to the rise of ISIS. Inclusion of extended excerpts from a number of major recent Supreme Court decisions related to international law, including Bond v. United States (on fundamental principles of federalism and the treaty power under Article VI of the Constitution), Zivotofsky v. Kerry (on the separation of powers between Congress and the President in the field of foreign affairs), and Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. (on the Alien Tort Statute). Adopts a modern, conceptual approach to the presentation of materials on statehood (including Palestinian claims to statehood), international organizations, and international dispute resolution.
A concise record of the struggles and achievements of the early settlers together with a narrative of what is now being done by the Norwegian-Americans of Illinois in the development of their adopted country
Included are the Minutes (or Procès-verbal) of the Council from its first meeting, Paris, January 16, 1920, to the session, ; the budget for the 3d- financial period (1921- ) in 1920, no. 7, 1921, no. 9, 1923- no. 1 of each year; statements of the "Present situations as regards international engagements registered with the Secretariat"; Saar Basin, periodical and other reports and papers; reports on the financial reconstruction of Austria, and of Hungary; and many other reports and papers.
In The Contentious and Advisory Jurisdiction of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Miguel García García-Revillo offers an in-depth examination of all relevant facets of the jurisdiction of this important international judicial institution. Created by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, ITLOS plays an essential role not only in respect to the interpretation of this major international treaty but also to the contemporary law of the sea in general. The book covers both the contentious (ratione materiae, ratione personae, mainline, incidental, compulsory, not compulsory) and the advisory jurisdiction of ITLOS, which are analysed not only from a theoretical perspective but also in light of the own Tribunal's jurisprudence.