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"The Official Languages Act turns 50 this year. With the tabling of this third interim report, the Standing Senate Committee on Official Languages is now halfway through its study on the modernization of the Act. After hearing from young Canadians and representatives of official language minority communities, the committee wanted to take a look at how the Act has been implemented from its inception in 1969 to today. The committee therefore invited people who have witnessed its evolution to give testimony or submit a brief. This report presents the views of individuals who are very familiar with how the Act works and have experienced the effects of its implementation on a day-to-day basis. It summarizes the perspectives of former community organization representatives, judges, commissioners and public servants as well as current politicians, researchers and representatives of the province of New Brunswick"--Report highlights, page v.
The Canadian Constitution does not contain any provisions relating to jurisdiction in matters of language. In a decision rendered in 1988, the Supreme Court of Canada affirmed that "language is not an independent matter of legislation but is rather 'ancillary' to the exercise of jurisdiction with respect to some class of subject matter assigned to Parliament or the provincial legislatures by the Constitution Act, 1867." The power to legislate in matters of language therefore belongs to both the federal and provincial levels of government, according to their respective legislative authority. The first Official Languages Act (OLA) was passed by the federal government in July 1969, in response to the work of the Royal Commission of Inquiry on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. In 1982, the entrenchment of language rights in the Constitution opened a new chapter in the evolution of this issue. The OLA was revised in 1988 to take into account the new constitutional order. The new Act expanded the legislative basis for linguistic policies and programs adopted by the federal government. The OLA was revised again in November 2005 to clarify the duties of federal institutions with respect to enhancing the vitality of official language minority communities and promoting linguistic duality.