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This book describes the role of the neutrophil in infection and inflammation and provides an up-to-date review of the biochemistry and physiology of this cell, highlighting the mechanisms by which they seek out and destroy pathogenic microorganisms. The development of these cells during haematopoiesis is described and the mechanisms that lead to the production of reactive oxidants and the intracellular signal transduction systems that lead to the cell's activation are reviewed. The book also discusses recent discoveries concerning the role of cytokines in the regulation of neutrophil function together with the importance of the neutrophil as a generator of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, there is a description of the biochemical defects that give rise to some of the neutrophil-associated human diseases.
A synthesis and collation of the recent material regarding the role of the neutrophil in basic pathological processes is presented in this volume. The mechanisms of chemotaxis, secretion, phagocytosis, intracellular killing, oxygen radical production and arachidonate production are comprehensively reviewed. Stimulus response coupling in the neutrophil, with chapters on intracellular Ca2+, C-Kinase, phospholipid metabolism, microfilaments and membrane electrophysiology are extensively discussed. Each chapter provides a critical review by experts with over 1,000 cited references. Invaluable to graduate students and medical and scientific researchers, this book provides a unique, up-to-date account of cellular biochemistry and physiology of the neutrophil.
A synthesis and collation of the recent material regarding the role of the neutrophil in basic pathological processes is presented in this volume. The mechanisms of chemotaxis, secretion, phagocytosis, intracellular killing, oxygen radical production and arachidonate production are comprehensively reviewed. Stimulus response coupling in the neutrophil, with chapters on intracellular Ca2+, C-Kinase, phospholipid metabolism, microfilaments and membrane electrophysiology are extensively discussed. Each chapter provides a critical review by experts with over 1,000 cited references. Invaluable to graduate students and medical and scientific researchers, this book provides a unique, up-to-date account of cellular biochemistry and physiology of the neutrophil.
The third book in the group devoted to the "natural" immune system, this volume provides the ideal detailed, up-to-date overview of neutrophil function. Distilling new information alongside observations of the past, the book focuses on some of the most critical developments in currentneutrophil research. Specific examples of diseases resulting from neutrophil dysfunction and deficiency are brought to life by clinical case studies. An essential source of current research into this exciting field, this volume will be invaluable for advanced students and researchers in immunology,cell biology, and medicine.
Mast Cells and Basophils will be essential reading for immunologists, biochemists and medical researchers. Detailed chapters cover all aspects of mast cell and basophil research, from cell development, proteases, histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes, physiology and pathology to the role of these cells in health and disease. Chapters also discuss the clinical implications of histamine receptor antagonists.
NETosis is a unique form of cell death that is characterized by the release of decondensed chromatin and granular contents to the extracellular space. The initial observation of NETosis placed the process within the context of the innate immune response to infections. Neutrophils, the most numerous leukocytes that arrive quickly at the site of an infection, were the first cell type shown to undergo extracellular trap formation. However, subsequent studies showed that other granulocytes are also capable of releasing nuclear chromatin following stimulation. The extracellular chromatin acts to immobilize microbes and prevent their dispersal in the host. Bacterial breakdown products and inflammatory stimuli induce NETosis and the release of NETs requires enzyme activities. Histones in NET chromatin become modified by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) and cleaved at specific sites by proteases. NETs serve for attachment of bactericidal enzymes including myeloperoxidase, leukocyte proteases, and the cathelicidin LL-37. While the benefit of NETs in an infection appears clear, NETs also figure prominently at the center of various pathologic states. Therefore, it is important for NETs to be efficiently cleared; else digestive enzymes may gain access to tissues where inflammation takes place. Persistent NET exposure at sites of inflammation may lead to a further complication: NET antigens may provoke acquired immune responses and, over time, could initiate autoimmune reactions. Recent studies identified aberrant NET synthesis and/or clearance in inflammatory/autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, ANCA-positive vasculitis, gout and Felty’s syndrome. In the case of SLE, for example, it appears that LL-37 exposed in the NETs may be a significant trigger of type I Interferon responses in this disease. Recent evidence also implicates aberrant NET formation in the development of endothelial damage, atherosclerosis and thrombosis. NETosis is thus of interest to researchers who investigate innate immune responses, host-pathogen interactions, chronic inflammatory disorders, cell and vascular biology, biochemistry, and autoimmunity. As we approach the 10-year-anniversary of the initial discovery of NETosis, it is useful and timely to review the so far identified mechanisms and pathways of NET formation, their role in bacterial and fungal defense and their putative importance as inducers of autoimmune responses. We look forward to a rich and rigorous discussion of these and related issues that benefit from interdisciplinary approaches, collaborations and exciting discoveries.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The world's most highly regarded reference text on the mechanisms and clinical management of blood diseases A Doody's Core Title for 2020! Edition after edition, Williams Hematology has guided generations of clinicians, biomedical researchers, and trainees in many disciplines through the origins, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management of benign and malignant disorders of blood cells and coagulation proteins. It is acknowledged worldwide as the leading hematology resource, with editors who are internationally regarded for their research and clinical achievements and authors who are luminaries in their fields. The Ninth Edition of Williams Hematology is extensively revised to reflect the latest advancements in basic science, translational pathophysiology, and clinical practice. In addition to completely new chapters, it features a full-color presentation that includes 700 photographs, 300 of which are new to this edition, and 475 illustrations. Recognizing that blood and marrow cell morphology is at the heart of diagnostic hematology, informative color images of the relevant disease topics are conveniently integrated into each chapter, allowing easy access to illustrations of cell morphology important to diagnosis. Comprehensive in its depth and breath, this go-to textbook begins with the evaluation of the patient and progresses to the molecular and cellular underpinnings of normal and pathological hematology. Subsequent sections present disorders of the erythrocyte, granulocytes and monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells, malignant myeloid and lymphoid diseases, hemostasis and thrombosis, and transfusion medicine.
This, the third volume of the Blood Cell Biochemistry series, follows the pattern estab lished in the two previous volumes by containing up-to-date specialist reviews of topics of current interest within the field of study defined by the subtitle. Thus, the topics included can be loosely classified under the broad subtitle "Lymphocytes and Granulocytes," but this does not indicate the full scope of content, scientific interest, and emphasis of the present volume. The opening chapter, by Antonio Bonati, surveys the currently available bio chemical, immunological, and molecular markers of hemopoietic precursor cells. This is followed, appropriately, by a contribution from Arnold S. Freedman on the cell surface markers in leukemia and lymphoma. In a detailed chapter, Annette Schmitt-Graff and Giulio Gabbiani discuss the cytoskeletal organization of normal and leukemic lympho cytes and lymphoblasts. John C. Cambier and his colleagues then present a discussion of the signaling events in T-Iymphocyte-dependent B-Iymphocyte activation. Lymphocyte IgE receptors and IgE-binding factors are dealt with by Kwang-Myong Kim and his colleagues, and the role ofgranule mediators in lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis is covered by John Ding-E Young and his associates. A short contribution from James D. Katz deals with the intricacies and difficulties of studies on the complement C3b (CRl) receptor and its cytoskeletal interactions in neutrophils. Arthur K. Sullivan then presents an in-depth survey of the membrane biochemistry surrounding the flow of granule organelles in leukocyte differentiation
This book provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the resolution of inflammation and on new developments in this area, including pro-resolution mediators, apoptosis, macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, possible novel drug developments.