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This report analyzes the dynamics that influence the reporting and handling of missing and unidentified persons and reviews the current capability of the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) Computer to provide accurate matches. Since its inception investigators have become aware of many problems with the missing and unidentified person component of NCIC. Major problems stem from lack of compliance by investigating agencies regarding information entered into the NCIC database and failures of the system itself. The major compliance issue is the low number of dental records that accompany missing entries (1.91% nationwide) Multiple remedies for these problems are offered. Law enforcement needs to establish sound operating procedures for handling missing persons, educate its users, and improve the quality of data entered into the system. Medical examiners and coroners would benefit from better terminal access to missing and unidentified person data. Both law enforcement and death investigation agencies should periodically validate their entries into the system. The NCIC system would be further improved if entry forms were refined to eliminate subjective choices. A system for evaluating the utility of the NCIC system should be implemented. Above all, changes are needed to increase the ability the NCIC system to achieve matches between unidentified and missing persons.
For many years the effectiveness of the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) missing and unidentified persons matching program has been in question. The reliability of the NCIC matching system was tested using actual cases. When entered with the original information as provided by the investigating agencies, none of the four test cases were successfully matched. The NCIC system is the only source that links the states with this type of information. The use of NCIC for the entry of missing and unidentified persons information is still recommended, however, entered information should be reviewed by a qualified individual to insure accurate data entry. For accurate matching of information a proven parallel system should be used by every state.
Solving cold cases from the comfort of your living room… The Skeleton Crew provides an entree into the gritty and tumultuous world of Sherlock Holmes–wannabes who race to beat out law enforcement—and one another—at matching missing persons with unidentified remains. In America today, upwards of forty thousand people are dead and unaccounted for. These murder, suicide, and accident victims, separated from their names, are being adopted by the bizarre online world of amateur sleuths. It’s DIY CSI. The web sleuths pore over facial reconstructions (a sort of Facebook for the dead) and other online clues as they vie to solve cold cases and tally up personal scorecards of dead bodies. The Skeleton Crew delves into the macabre underside of the Internet, the fleeting nature of identity, and how even the most ordinary citizen with a laptop and a knack for puzzles can reinvent herself as a web sleuth.
Every year, more than 600,000 people are reported missing, and hundreds of human remains go unidentified. Two primary federal databases supported by the Department of Justice (DOJ) -- the FBI's National Crime Information Center (NCIC) and the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) -- contain data related to missing and unidentified persons to help solve these cases. NCIC contains criminal justice information accessed by authorized agencies to assist with daily investigations. NamUs information can be used by law enforcement, medical examiners, coroners, and the general public to help with long-term missing and unidentified persons cases. This report describes the access to and use of missing and unidentified persons information contained in NCIC and NamUs, and the extent to which there are opportunities to improve the use of this information. Table and figures. This is a print on demand report.
The Art of Investigation Revisited: Practical Tips from the Experts examines the qual- ities required to be a professional, thorough, and effective investigator and is a follow up to the authors’ highly touted book, The Art of Investigation (2019). This book features a wholly new line-up of investigators, experienced professionals in the field, who delve into the "soft skills" that make an investigator effective. Each chapter examines a specific quality required to be a professional, thorough, and—most importantly—successful in this challenging discipline. The editors, and contributing authors, are all top in their field and bring a wealth of real-world knowledge and experience to the subject. While several publications exist on the procedures and steps of an investigation, few books cover the creative and intuitive skills required. Such traits are necessary to continually question in the face of investigative roadblocks, unique qualities endemic to an inquisitive mind that can be trained to improve an investigator’s professional skill set. Each chapter discusses the applicability of the traits and requirements to the contributor’s own work and experience as an investigator. In doing so, the contributors will provide valuable stories from their personal experience, which demonstrates their use or a given trait and its importance in the course of their investigative work and career. The case examples included throughout are engaging and, as is often the case, surprising. An investigator must keep an open mind above all else and this book seeks to "lift the veil" on the inner workings of an investigation and the thought pro- cess and inner monologue of an investigator as part of that process. The book is a welcome addition to any investigator’s toolkit and is also of interest to students in criminal justice, security and Homeland Security programs, security consultants, corporate and private security professionals, and the legal community.
This book explores the act of criminal profiling and the effective methods of case analysis and linkage. Intriguing cases studies are used to thoroughly examine the behavioural aspect of serial homicide and the investigative issues that criminal justice professioals face.
Includes papers read at the Academy's annual meeting previously published separately as: Proceedings of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
Dynamically written and richly illustrated, the Routledge International Handbook of Visual Criminology offers the first foundational primer on visual criminology. Spanning a variety of media and visual modes, this volume assembles established researchers whose work is essential to understanding the role of the visual in criminology and emergent thinkers whose work is taking visual criminology in new directions. This book is divided into five parts that each highlight a key aspect of visual criminology, exploring the diversity of methods, techniques and theoretical approaches currently shaping the field: • Part I introduces formative positions in the developments of visual criminology and explores the different disciplines that have contributed to analysing images. • Part II explores visual representations of crime across film, graphic art, documentary, police photography, press coverage and graffiti and urban aesthetics. • Part III discusses the relationship of visual criminology to criminal justice institutions like policing, punishment and law. • Part IV focuses on the distinctive ethical problems posed by the image, reflecting on the historical development, theoretical disputes and methodological issues involved. • Part V identifies new frameworks and emergent perspectives and reflects upon the distinctive challenges and limits that can be seen in this emerging field. This book includes a vibrant colour plate section and over a hundred black and white images, breaking down the barriers between original photography and artwork, historic paintings and illustrations and modern comics and films. This interdisciplinary book will be of interest to criminologists, sociologists, visual ethnographers, art historians and those engaged with media studies.