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My attention drew to this subject when I meet Dr. Richard Benkin in 2012 during his tour for book ''A Quiet Case of Ethnic Cleansing: The Murder of Bangladesh's Hindus by Dr. Richard L. Benkin, Akshaya Publication, 2012''. After some years, I came across news that four secular bloggers were hacked to death in 8 months in 2015 for raising voice against religious fundamentalism in Bangladesh & last year in September, Indian government has decided to grant citizenship to Chakma Buddhist & Hajong Hindus who are living in India from 1964 as refuge due to the religious persecution in Chittagong in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Then I have started collecting books, references and reports to study seriously on the subject of minorities in Bangladesh. I noticed that the minority condition in Bangladesh is completely ignored by all. Therefore I decided to write a booklet on minority massacre in Bangladesh.This book is result of my article series in ''mahamtb.com online portal'' & ''Mumbai Tarun Bharat'' during November 2017 to January 2018 originally published in Marathi. Incidentally Assam publishes first draft of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) on 1st January 2018 which has been updated for the first time since 1951. India is facing problem of illegal Bangladeshi intruders. These illegal immigrants has affected the demography of some Indian states especially Assam so government can identify illegal immigrants/infiltrators by updating NRC.The Union Home minister, Rajnath Singh has introduced ''The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016'' in Lok Sabha on 19th July 2016, a Bill further to amend the Citizenship Act, 1955. The Bill has now been referred to a Joint Committee of both the Houses for examination and presenting a report to Parliament. The object of aforesaid Bill is to allow minority communities namely, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis & Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh & Pakistan who migrated to India without valid travel documents or document validity has been expired in recent years, to acquire Indian citizenship by the process of naturalisation. Previously then can apply for citizenship under section 5 of the Act, but are unable to produce proof of their Indian origin. Hence, they are forced to apply for citizenship by naturalisation under section 6 of the Act, which, inter alia, prescribes 12 years residency as qualification for naturalisation in terms of the 3rd Schedule to the Act. It is proposed to amend this period from 12 years to 7 years in this Bill (Reference: The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016, Bill No. 172 of 2016) Bill is not introduced to increase Hindu voters because Bill clearly mentions not only Hindus but Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis & Christians also who are religiously persecuted minorities in aforesaid countries. Now another allegation is- why Muslim persecuted minorities like Rohingya Muslims from Myanmar, Shia or Ahmadiyya from Pakistan/Bangladesh are not included? First thing is that, not only Muslim but also 'Malaiha Tamils' (who fled to India in 1983 as refugee due to communal carnage in Sri Lanka) are excluded; other thing is that do Rohingya, Shia or Ahmadiyya taken refugees or asylum or applied for political asylum? On the contrary, most of them especially Bangladeshi & Rohingyas are illegally infiltrate into India & carrying fake/fraudulently obtained AADHAR, PAN & Voter-ID cards. Therefore we should take a note that this act specifically amended for aforesaid minority communities of the aforesaid countries only but that doesn't mean citizenship denied to Muslim legal immigrants. They can apply for Indian citizenship under other Citizenship Act.It's a Hindu & Buddhist genocide & world has turn a blind eye to this so therefore I decided to write on this deliberately ignored holocaust. I am not claiming that this is a flawless treatise so any corrections, suggestions etc are always welcome.
The best country-by-country assessment of human rights. The human rights records of more than ninety countries and territories are put into perspective in Human Rights Watch's signature yearly report. Reflecting extensive investigative work undertaken by Human Rights Watch staff, in close partnership with domestic human rights activists, the annual World Report is an invaluable resource for journalists, diplomats, and citizens, and is a must-read for anyone interested in the fight to protect human rights in every corner of the globe.
An invaluable introduction to the subject of genocide, explaining its history from pre-modern times to the present day, with a wide variety of case studies. Recent events in the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, East Timor and Iraq have demonstrated with appalling clarity that the threat of genocide is still a major issue within world politics. The book examines the differing interpretations of genocide from psychology, sociology, anthropology and political science and analyzes the influence of race, ethnicity, nationalism and gender on genocides. In the final section, the author examines how we punish those responsible for waging genocide and how the international community can prevent further bloodshed.
This is an open access book. The start of the 21st century has seen the world shaken by protests, from the Arab Spring to the Yellow Vests, from the Occupy movement to the social uprisings in Latin America. There are periods in history when large numbers of people have rebelled against the way things are, demanding change, such as in 1848, 1917, and 1968. Today we are living in another time of outrage and discontent, a time that has already produced some of the largest protests in world history. This book analyzes almost three thousand protests that occurred between 2006 and 2020 in 101 countries covering over 93 per cent of the world population. The study focuses on the major demands driving world protests, such as those for real democracy, jobs, public services, social protection, civil rights, global justice, and those against austerity and corruption. It also analyzes who was demonstrating in each protest; what protest methods they used; who the protestors opposed; what was achieved; whether protests were repressed; and trends such as inequality and the rise of women’s and radical right protests. The book concludes that the demands of protestors in most of the protests surveyed are in full accordance with human rights and internationally agreed-upon UN development goals. The book calls for policy-makers to listen and act on these demands.
A decade into the new century sees religious minorities confronting serious violations of their rights around the globe. Following the violent attacks of 11 September 2001, governments of every political hue have used “war on terror” rhetoric to justify the repression of religious communities. Other religious minorities have faced a violent backlash, often unjustly accused of siding with belligerents. In Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America, armed conflict and land seizures have forced minority and indigenous communities away from locations central to their religious beliefs. Europe has witnessed gains by extreme right-wing political parties which are targeting religious minorities with their inflammatory language. In Central Asia, governments have introduced tough new registration requirements for religious communities and prevented the building of places of worship. In State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2010, Minority Rights Group International offers a comprehensive overview of the situation faced by minorities in a world increasingly divided along religious lines. It includes: - An analysis of government initiatives that contribute to the marginalisation of religious minorities, such as religious profiling and registration laws. - First-hand accounts, from around the world, of the discrimination and exclusion faced by those belonging to minorities who wish to exercise their right to freedom of religion and belief. - An exploration of grassroots efforts through interfaith dialogue to ease tensions, overcome conflicts, and promote peaceful and equitable development. - An overview of the human rights situation of minorities and indigenous peoples in every major world region. - The unique statistical ranking and analysis, Peoples under Threat 2010. An invaluable reference for policy makers, academics, journalists and everyone who is interested in the human rights situation of minorities and indigenous peoples around the world.
The human rights records of more than ninety countries and territories are put into perspective in Human Rights Watch's signature yearly report. Reflecting extensive investigative work undertaken in 2016 by Human Rights Watch staff, in close partnership with domestic human rights activists, the annual World Report is an invaluable resource for journalists, diplomats, and citizens, and is a must-read for anyone interested in the fight to protect human rights in every corner of the globe.
This book gives a detailed political analysis of nationbuilding processes and how these are closely linked to statebuilding and to issues of war crime, gender and sexuality, and marginalization of minority groups. With a focus on the Indian subcontinent, the author demonstrates how the state itself is involved in the construction of a gendered identity, and how control of women and their sexuality is central to the nationbuilding project. She applies a critical feminist approach to two major conflicts in the Indian subcontinent – the Partition of India in 1947 and the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971 – and offers suggestions for addressing historical injustices and war crimes in the context of modern Bangladesh. Addressing how the social and political elites were able to construct and legitimize a history of the state that ignored these issues, the author suggests a critical re-examination of the national narrative of the creation of Bangladesh which takes into account the rise of Islamic rights and their alleged involvement in war crimes. Looking at the impact that notions of nation-state and nationalism have on women from a critical feminist perspective, the book will be an important addition to the literature on gender studies, international relations and South Asian politics.
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Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fifteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.
For decades Myanmar has been portrayed as a case of good citizen versus bad regime – men in jackboots maintaining a suffocating rule over a majority Buddhist population beholden to the ideals of non-violence and tolerance. But in recent years this narrative has been upended. In June 2012, violence between Buddhists and Muslims erupted in western Myanmar, pointing to a growing divide between religious communities that before had received little attention from the outside world. Attacks on Muslims soon spread across the country, leaving hundreds dead, entire neighbourhoods turned to rubble, and tens of thousands of Muslims confined to internment camps. This violence, breaking out amid the passage to democracy, was spurred on by monks, pro-democracy activists and even politicians. In this gripping and deeply reported account, Francis Wade explores how the manipulation of identities by an anxious ruling elite has laid the foundations for mass violence, and how, in Myanmar’s case, some of the most respected and articulate voices for democracy have turned on the Muslim population at a time when the majority of citizens are beginning to experience freedoms unseen for half a century.