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This volume is a reformatted printing of the Ph.D. dissertation of Phillip James Silvia for Trinity Southwest University in Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is a scientific study of the occupation history of the Middle Ghor, the nearly circular plain that lies just north of the Dead Sea in the Great Rift Valley. This study documents the existence of a major urban center (Tall el-Hammam) from the Chalcolithic Period through Middle Bronze Age (roughly 4600 to 1650 BCE) and significant human presence distributed across multiple nearby sites that came to a sudden and violent end, leaving the area unoccupied for 600-700 years. Evidence is presented to support the author's hypotheses that the source of destruction was a meteoritic airburst event, and that the cause of the extended occupational hiatus was depletion of the topsoil and poisoning of the remaining subsoil with Dead Sea salts by the airburst. Although it was not the author's purpose in presenting this data to defend the Biblical story of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities of the plain, the evidence, analyses and conclusions presented in this volume clearly support the claim of Dr. Steven Collins that Tall el-Hammam is Sodom.
“The scope of your learning...will be unlimited and enhanced by leaps and bounds as you use this wonderful tool.” from the Foreword by Walter C. Kaiser, Jr New discoveries are constantly being made as archaeologists work to uncover the ancient history of the Bible lands to tell a more complete story of the people, customs, and events of that era. Archaeologist Steven Collins and Bible scholar Joseph M. Holden have spent decades making and researching those discoveries and now offer a wealth of information based on the latest findings. This exciting addition to The Harvest HandbookTM series provides a textual and visual bird’s-eye view of ancient Near Eastern biblical geography, culture, history, and chronology. If you’re looking for an accurate, readable, and user-friendly resource to further your study of God’s Word, The Harvest HandbookTMof Bible Lands provides a valuable backdrop for biblical narratives and literature. With the most up-to-date information from biblical and archaeological disciplines, you will find your knowledge greatly enriched through well-written narrative-style text, numerous maps, instructive photographs, illustrations, and charts. This must-have tool will become your favorite resource as you study Scripture.
This fascinating study brings to light the existence of a previously ignored Middle Bronze Age civilization occupying the fertile circular plain north of the Dead Sea and its subsequent destruction ca. 1700 BC. The author, Dr. Phillip Silvia, correlates scientific and archaeological data acquired through the Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project (TeHEP) to the Biblical account of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities of the plain in the book of Genesis.
The forgotten story of Central Asia's enlightenment—its rise, fall, and enduring legacy In this sweeping and richly illustrated history, S. Frederick Starr tells the fascinating but largely unknown story of Central Asia's medieval enlightenment through the eventful lives and astonishing accomplishments of its greatest minds—remarkable figures who built a bridge to the modern world. Because nearly all of these figures wrote in Arabic, they were long assumed to have been Arabs. In fact, they were from Central Asia—drawn from the Persianate and Turkic peoples of a region that today extends from Kazakhstan southward through Afghanistan, and from the easternmost province of Iran through Xinjiang, China. Lost Enlightenment recounts how, between the years 800 and 1200, Central Asia led the world in trade and economic development, the size and sophistication of its cities, the refinement of its arts, and, above all, in the advancement of knowledge in many fields. Central Asians achieved signal breakthroughs in astronomy, mathematics, geology, medicine, chemistry, music, social science, philosophy, and theology, among other subjects. They gave algebra its name, calculated the earth's diameter with unprecedented precision, wrote the books that later defined European medicine, and penned some of the world's greatest poetry. One scholar, working in Afghanistan, even predicted the existence of North and South America—five centuries before Columbus. Rarely in history has a more impressive group of polymaths appeared at one place and time. No wonder that their writings influenced European culture from the time of St. Thomas Aquinas down to the scientific revolution, and had a similarly deep impact in India and much of Asia. Lost Enlightenment chronicles this forgotten age of achievement, seeks to explain its rise, and explores the competing theories about the cause of its eventual demise. Informed by the latest scholarship yet written in a lively and accessible style, this is a book that will surprise general readers and specialists alike.
Like many modern-day Christians, Dr. Collins struggled with what seemed to be a clash between his belief in the Bible and the research regarding ancient history--a crisis of faith that inspired him to embark on an expedition that has led to one of the most exciting finds in recent archaeology.
The authors introduce Proto-Indo-European describing its construction and revealing the people who spoke it between 5,500 and 8,000 years ago. Using archaeological evidence and natural history they reconstruct the lives, passions, culture, society and mythology of the Proto-Indo-Europeans.