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Excerpt from The Mediterranean Shores of America, Southern California: Its Climatic, Physical, and Meteorological Conditions Climate is a wonderful as well as a powerful factor - be it in religion, arts, sciences, or civilization. It makes morality and creeds; the wild and weird mysteries of Eulesis, the festivals of the Roman Flora, or the orgies that accompanied the feasts and worship of Dionysius or Bacchus, never could have taken place except between certain degrees of latitude. Climate determines the diet, occupation, the diseases of which we shall suffer and die, as well as the average length of our existence; it determines our temper, faculties, and facilities for acquiring knowledge and the arts. Climate is, in fact, as observed by Montesquieu, the most powerful of all empires. We need but observe the effects of the American climate on Europeans, and of the European climate on the Americans, to become convinced of the truth of this assertion. Southern California climatology is quite a study; many of its meteorological results are even real puzzles, - puzzles met with nowhere else. It has many oddities; for instance, one of the greatest peculiarities or oddities of this climate consists in the relative conditions existing between the degrees of temperature and the degrees of atmospheric humidity. It is this atmospheric condition that puzzles all new-comers, and that is incomprehensible to the average observer of meteorological conditions and their results. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
"In this book, Susan Gillman uncovers the ways that geographers and historians, novelists and travel writers, used "American Mediterranean" as a formula from the early nineteenth century to the 1970s. She asks what cultural work is done by this kind of unsystematic, hypothetical, even open-ended comparative thinking. Although "American Mediterranean" is not a household term in the United States today, it once circulated widely in French, Spanish, and English. Gillman tracks two centuries of this geohistorical concept across different networks of writers: from nineteenth-century geographers to writers of the 1890s who reflected on the Pacific world of Southern California, and to literary writers and thinkers of the 1930s and 40s who drew on this comparative tradition to speculate on the political past and future of the Caribbean. As Gillman shows, all these figures grappled with the American legacies of European imperialism and slavery. Following the term through its travels across disciplines and borders, Gillman reveals a little-known racialized history, both long-lasting and fleeting, one that paradoxically appealed to a range of race-neutral ideas and ideals. American Mediterraneans adds and explicates a new element in the stock of race discourses in the Americas"--
In the wake of the Mexican-American War, competing narratives of religious conquest and re-conquest were employed by Anglo American and ethnic Mexican Californians to make sense of their place in North America. These "invented traditions" had a profound impact on North American religious and ethnic relations, serving to bring elements of Catholic history within the Protestant fold of the United States' national history as well as playing an integral role in the emergence of the early Chicano/a movement. Many Protestant Anglo Americans understood their settlement in the far Southwest as following in the footsteps of the colonial project begun by Catholic Spanish missionaries. In contrast, Californios--Mexican-Americans and Chicana/os--stressed deep connections to a pre-Columbian past over to their own Spanish heritage. Thus, as Anglo Americans fashioned themselves as the spiritual heirs to the Spanish frontier, many ethnic Mexicans came to see themselves as the spiritual heirs to a southwestern Aztec homeland.