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This highly readable, popular textbook for upper undergraduates and graduates comprehensively covers the fundamentals of crystallography and symmetry, applying these concepts to a large range of materials. New to this edition are more streamlined coverage of crystallography, additional coverage of magnetic point group symmetry and updated material on extraterrestrial minerals and rocks. New exercises at the end of chapters, plus over 500 additional exercises available online, allow students to check their understanding of key concepts and put into practice what they have learnt. Over 400 illustrations within the text help students visualise crystal structures and more abstract mathematical objects, supporting more difficult topics like point group symmetries. Historical and biographical sections add colour and interest by giving an insight into those who have contributed significantly to the field. Supplementary online material includes password-protected solutions, over 100 crystal structure data files, and Powerpoints of figures from the book.
The conflict between the material side of human existence and that of our spiritual and philosophical beliefs is as old as humanity itself...but one side of the equation is as important as the other and no society can hope to sustain its existence without an equitable balance between the two. In this thoughtful and thought-provoking volume, the author offers a unique perspective on the system of concrete, tangible products produced by humankind that form the physical foundation of society. He calls this system the material structure. However, this book is not intended as a scientific study of the production, distribution and consumption of goods - that is the realm of economics; rather, it provides an overview of the totality of products created by humans for human consumption and assesses their role as a constituent of civilization. The subject of this study could also be designated as productology. The development and growth of the material structure have occurred in an inconsistent, haphazard fashion. Advancements in science, medicine and technology have contributed to the creation of a chaotic mass of unrelated products. Even the advent of mechanization has failed to yield any further insights into the conglomeration of products that form an integral part of today's world. This volume proposes to give unity to the material structure by classifying its components into divisions, determining the principles and rules that govern or should govern it, and relating it to the other constituents of civilization, including philosophy and religion, which throughout history have often been inimical to the material side of human existence. The author presents a cogent and persuasive argument that, in order to survive, civilization needs one component as much as the other. The key is to achieve an equitable balance between these two dichotomies, something which, to date, no society has been capable of accomplishing. This book provides a fascinating and fresh approach to an age-old enigma that has plagued humankind since the dawn of our existence.
This Concise Encyclopedia draws its material from the award-winning Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, and includes updates and revisions not available in the original set. This customized collection of articles provides a handy reference for materials scientists and engineers with an interest in the structure of metals, polymers, ceramics and glasses, biomaterials, wood, paper, and liquid crystals.Materials science and engineering is concerned with the relationship between the properties and structure of materials. In this context "structure" may be defined on the atomic scale in the case of crystalline materials, on the molecular scale (in the case of polymers, for example), or on the microscopic scale. Each of these definitions has been applied in making the present selection of articles.* Brings together articles from the Encyclopedia of Materials: Science & Technology that focus on the structure of materials at the atomic, molecular and microscopic levels, plus recent updates* Every article has been commissioned and written by an internationally recognized expert and provides a concise overview of a particular aspect of the field * Extensive bibliographies, cross-referencing and indexes guide the user to the most relevant reading in the primary literature
In the search for new functional materials, a clear understanding about the relationship between the physical properties and the atomic-scale structure of materials is needed. Here, the authors provide graduate students and scientists with an in-depth account of the evolutionary behavior of oxide functional materials within specific structural systems, discussing the intrinsic connections among these different structural systems. Over 300 illustrations and key appendices support the text.
* An updated look at various engineering materials, including metals, metal alloys, polymers, ceramics and composites * Numerous photomicrographs, and other illustrations, are used to show structural characteristics of various materials * Web site is available
Joining of Materials and Structures is the first and only complete and highly readable treatment of the options for joining conventional materials and the structures they comprise in conventional and unconventional ways, and for joining emerging materials and structures in novel ways. Joining by mechanical fasteners, integral designed-or formed-in features, adhesives, welding, brazing, soldering, thermal spraying, and hybrid processes are addressed as processes and technologies, as are issues associated with the joining of metals, ceramics (including cement and concrete) glass, plastics, and composites (including wood), as well as, for the first time anywhere, living tissue. While focused on materials issues, issues related to joint design, production processing, quality assurance, process economics, and joint performance in service are not ignored. The book is written for engineers, from an in-training student to a seasoned practitioner by an engineer who chose to teach after years of practice. By reading and referring to this book, the solutions to joining problems will be within one's grasp. Key Features: · Unprecedented coverage of all joining options (from lashings to lasers) in 10 chapters · Uniquely complete coverage of all materials, including living tissues, in 6 chapters · Richly illustrated with 76 photographs and 233 illustrations or plots · Practice Questions and Problems for use as a text of for reviewing to aid for comprehension * Coverage all of major joining technologies, including welding, soldering, brazing, adhesive and cement bonding, pressure fusion, riveting, bolting, snap-fits, and more * Organized by both joining techniques and materials types, including metals, non-metals, ceramics and glasses, composites, biomaterials, and living tissue * An ideal reference for design engineers, students, package and product designers, manufacturers, machinists, materials scientists
Are You Looking for a Unified and Concise Approach to Teaching and Learning the Structure of Materials? Allen and Thomas present information in a manner consistent with the way future scientists and engineers will be required to think about materials' selection, design, and use. Students will learn the fundamentals of three different states of condensed matter-glasses, crystals, and liquid crystals-and develop a set of tools for describing all of them. Above all, they'll gain a better understanding of the principles of structure common to all materials. Key concepts, such as symmetry theory, are introduced and applied to provide a common viewpoint for describing structures of ceramic, metallic, and polymeric materials. Structure-sensitive properties of real materials are introduced. The text also includes a variety of worked example problems. Other texts available in the MIT Series: Thermodynamics of Materials, Vol I, Ragone, 30885-4 Thermodynamics of Materials, Vol II: Kinetics, Ragone, 30886-2 Physical Ceramics: Principles for Ceramics Science and Engineering, Chiang, Birnie, Kingery, 59873-9 Electronic Properties of Engineering Materials, Livingston, 31627-X
Prepared as a textbook complete with problems after each chapter, specifically intended for classroom use in universities.
Addresses the internal relations of global capitalism, global war, global crisis, connecting uneven and combined development, social reproduction, and world-ecology to appeal to scholars and students alike.
Manufacturing, reduced to its simplest form, involves the sequencing of product forms through a number of different processes. Each individual step, known as an unit manufacturing process, can be viewed as the fundamental building block of a nation's manufacturing capability. A committee of the National Research Council has prepared a report to help define national priorities for research in unit processes. It contains an organizing framework for unit process families, criteria for determining the criticality of a process or manufacturing technology, examples of research opportunities, and a prioritized list of enabling technologies that can lead to the manufacture of products of superior quality at competitive costs. The study was performed under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation and the Defense Department's Manufacturing Technology Program.