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The Muslims of Kerala, primarily in the northern region of the state called Malabar, are referred to as Mappillas. This book is a study of the social and institutional changes of the Malabar Muslims during the colonial period. It presents the Mappilla community in a wider Indian context and analyses its social, economic, religious, theological, political and educational aspects in detail. Particular emphasis has been laid on their women who are socially more powerful than their counterparts in the rest of the subcontinent. The Mappilla tharavaadus, which are matrilineal joint families, and kaarnotis, the female matrilineal heads of these families, are central to the understanding of the social history of this community. The British colonial system disrupted this traditional social order. The book argues that Mappillas do not per se represent a monolithic community, but show inter- and intra-regional variations and social hierarchies. The position and status of the Mappilla community in the twenty-first century has been compared with its Muslim counterparts in the other regions of the country. The book would be of interest to academics, researchers and graduate students of South Asian History and Sociology. NGOs working on the social welfare of minorities and general readers interested in the Islamic community of the west coast of India will find this book useful.
Between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries, a distinct form of Islamic thought and practice developed among Muslim trading communities of the Indian Ocean. Sebastian R. Prange argues that this 'Monsoon Islam' was shaped by merchants not sultans, forged by commercial imperatives rather than in battle, and defined by the reality of Muslims living within non-Muslim societies. Focusing on India's Malabar Coast, the much-fabled 'land of pepper', Prange provides a case study of how Monsoon Islam developed in response to concrete economic, socio-religious, and political challenges. Because communities of Muslim merchants across the Indian Ocean were part of shared commercial, scholarly, and political networks, developments on the Malabar Coast illustrate a broader, trans-oceanic history of the evolution of Islam across monsoon Asia. This history is told through four spaces that are examined in their physical manifestations as well as symbolic meanings: the Port, the Mosque, the Palace, and the Sea.
This book reinterprets the Muslim architecture and urban planning of South India, looking beyond the Deccan to the regions of Tamil Nadu and Kerala - the historic coasts of Coromandel and Malabar. For the first time a detailed survey of the Muslim monuments of the historic ports and towns demonstrates a rich and diverse architectural tradition entirely independent from the better known architecture of North India and the Deccan sultanates. The book, extensively illustrated with photographs and architectural drawings, widens the horizons of our understanding of Muslim India and will no doubt pave new paths for future studies in the field.
This book explodes the myth that food from Kerala is just mountains of rice, coconut and fish curry. It introduces the gourmet to the subtle flavours of over a hundred traditional recipes, presented for the first time with easy-to-follow instructions.
This research is a study on 16th century Malabar Muslims and their approaches to religion and culture in a multi-faceted society. Malabar, situated in the most southern state of India called Kerala, is a unique coastal region, which was reached by Islam at the time of the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him). This study explores how Malabar Muslims maintained a moderate methodology to continue peaceful coexistence in the region. The 16th century was an era of reformation in Malabar with a number of specialties like the establishment of its first graduate school in Ponnani by Zainuddin Makhdum I, the composition of the first history book by a Malabari scholar, Sheik Zainuddin Makhdu II, and the earliest poems in the Malayalam language (the mother tongue of the region) by the Muslim judge and sage Qazi Muhammed. The century also witnessed a remarkable inception of naval activities in India pioneered by Malabar Muslims. Moderation, a reflecting terminology used several times in the Holy Qur’an, was a prime agenda of Malabar Muslims in the 16th century, executed by prominent religious leaders who led a dazzling moral life, which became a model for generations. This study probes the realities of Malabar Muslims, who profusely used traditional lifestyles, food habits, songs and architecture to incorporate the general public to their realm of belief. The moderate approach of the Malabar society created a unique Muslim folk culture, representing a great attempt to Islamize the traditional culture of Malabar. In this context it is very important to bring out a study on the time-tested moderate approaches of Islam, which paved the way for the wide acceptance of Islam in Malabar.
Conversion to Islam is a phenomenon of immense significance in human history. At the outset of Islamic rule in the seventh century, Muslims constituted a tiny minority in most areas under their control. But by the beginning of the modern period, they formed the majority in most territories from North Africa to Southeast Asia. Across such diverse lands, peoples, and time periods, conversion was a complex, varied phenomenon. Converts lived in a world of overlapping and competing religious, cultural, social, and familial affiliations, and the effects of turning to Islam played out in every aspect of life. Conversion therefore provides a critical lens for world history, magnifying the constantly evolving array of beliefs, practices, and outlooks that constitute Islam around the globe. This groundbreaking collection of texts, translated from sources in a dozen languages from the seventh to the eighteenth centuries, presents the historical process of conversion to Islam in all its variety and unruly detail, through the eyes of both Muslim and non-Muslim observers.
History of Mappila Muslims is known to scholars in the English-speaking world thanks to certain works which carved a niche in what later came to be known as Mappila studies. Although these works are considerably a few and their importance has been slighted by the coming generations as per the ever-evolving standards of historicity, they could set a paradigm in this area of historical exploration. Tuhfatul Mujahidin and Fatah al-Mubeen in the days of yore and Roland Miller’s Mappila Muslims of Kerala in the last century are among the paradigmatic texts which Other Books has either published or will soon publish. Classical works like Tuhfa and Fatah al-Mubeen are the masterpieces which resist any overlooking as per any standards of historical analysis, chiefly because they speak of the space and time in which their authors encountered the bloody enactment of a historical event: Gama’s arrival on the coast of Malabar. All other events preceding 1498 are narrated in these works in relation to or in the context of that apocalyptic coup d’etat. By publishing JBP More’s Origin and Early History of the Muslims of Keralam-700 AD 1600 AD, we would like to shed as much light as possible on the history preceding, as well as the history of more than a century succeeding, Gama’s arrival on the coast of Malabar. We have the same objective behind publishing the Malayalam translation of Roland E Miller’s Mappila Muslims, which too comes out all but simultaneously. As befitted a historian, More has gone through several sources, which he has duly footnoted, in the analysis of historical events narrated in the work. We hope these works will serve as lighthouses to guide explorations in the sea of literatures and oral narratives, chronicled or yet to be chronicled, on the history of Malabar and Mappilas. Since these works are second-hand sources, we request you to subject their historicity to scrutiny more than we do the historicity of classics. For example, a section of this book deals with Cheraman Perumal’s conversion into Islam- an incident in the history of Kerala which elicits many questions from academics and historians on its chronology and the nature of incident. Author’s discussion of the incident may not be agreeable to many readers. For example, in page 112 of the book, the author states that ‘if the prophet had really met Cheraman Perumal it would have been mentioned in the Hadith literature’. But in Al- Musthadrak of Hakim (1002- 03), a collection of ahadith, the following event is reported on the authority of Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, one of the famed companions of the Prophet and widely remembered Helper (Ansar) who has reported around 1170 prophetic narrations: "A king from India presented the messenger, a bottle of ginger, which the messenger handed to his companions for eating. He gave me some, too". The Indian king is believed to be Cheraman Perumal based on the analysis of narration. However, Other Books aims to bring out and strengthen many and varied discources on otherwise less discussed issues in the history of Kerala. We hope those readers will judiciously collate their data, compare them with the author’s sources and form an opinion accordingly.
Islam in India, as elsewhere, continues to be seen as a remainder in its refusal to "conform" to national and international secular-modern norms. Such a general perception has also had a tremendous impact on the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent, who as individuals and communities have been shaped and transformed over centuries of socio-political and historical processes, by eroding their world-view and steadily erasing their life-worlds. This book traces the spectral presence of Islam across narratives to note that difference and diversity, demographic as well as cultural, can be espoused rather than excised or exorcized. Focusing on Malabar - home to the Mappila Muslim community in Kerala, South India - and drawing mostly on Malayalam sources, the author investigates the question of Islam from various angles by constituting an archive comprising popular, administrative, academic, and literary discourses. The author contends that an uncritical insistence on unity has led to a formation in which "minor" subjects embody an excess of identity, in contrast to the Hindu-citizen whose identity seemingly coincides with the national. This has led to Muslims being the source of a deep-seated anxiety for secular nationalism and the targets of a resurgent Hindutva in that they expose the fault-lines of a geographically and socio-culturally unified nation. An interdisciplinary study of Islam in India from the South Indian context, this book will be of interest to scholars of modern Indian history, political science, literary and cultural studies, and Islamic studies.