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Around 60 billion animals are bred for food each year worldwide and more than a billion are transported, often over long distances, every week. However, awareness and understanding of animal welfare, the factors that affect it and the correlation between it and other issues such as food safety and quality are increasing. Long distance transport can cause both physical and mental problems in animals and promoting animal welfare will be beneficial to both the animals and the agricultural and processing industries. In conjunction with a global coalition of NGOs working on animal transport and welfare, this volume brings together studies from well known animal scientists and researchers to review the implications and necessity of long distance animal transport for slaughter. Authoritative reports on regional practices are combined with discussions of the science, economics, legislation and procedures involved in this practice. This review will be essential for researchers and professionals within animal production and welfare as well as veterinary science.
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Edited by world-renowned animal scientist Dr Temple Grandin, this practical book integrates scientific research and industry literature on cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep, goats, deer, and horses, in both the developed and developing world, to provide a practical guide to humane handling and minimizing animal stress.
Most of the 70 billion animals that are farmed in the world are transported at least once in their lives. For improved animal welfare, sustainability, and profitability it is important that everyone involved in the transportation process takes responsibility for doing a good job. This may require legislation and assurance schemes backed up by inspections and driven by consumer awareness and demand. All aspects of the transportation process, including preparation for transport, handling during loading and unloading, handler and driver training, stocking density on the transport container, journey length, and weather have an effect on animal welfare, meat quality, health after transport, and even mortality during transit. These topics are covered in the papers and reviews in this book together with related aspects such as consumer perceptions of animal transport, cleaning of transport coops, and consideration of on-farm slaughter to obviate the need for transport to an abattoir. The book adds to the knowledge of farm animal transport and highlights areas for future research and improved practice.
The Veterinarian's Guide to Animal Welfare provides an overview of various aspects of animal welfare that are particularly relative to the veterinary profession. The book explores various ways of viewing and assessing welfare, as well as the numerous factors that influence perceptions. Emphasis is placed on contemporary issues across, and within, major species groups. The book's authors are internationally known experts in the veterinary aspects of animal welfare and have written numerous articles on animal welfare, behavior, euthanasia and the human-animal bond. This book is written for the veterinary profession and was designed to be used as a textbook for animal welfare courses at colleges and schools of veterinary medicine. It complements the Model Curriculum for the Study of Animal Welfare (AVMA 2015) and its attendant course syllabus. This is an important resource for graduate veterinarians seeking to improve their understanding of the numerous aspects of animal welfare. - Specifically written for veterinarians and veterinary students - Addresses historical, cultural, and contemporary aspects of animal welfare - Complements the Model Curriculum for the Study of Animal Welfare developed by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Pastoral Australiatells the story of the expansion of Australia's pastoral industry, how it drove European settlement and involved Aboriginal people in the new settler society. The rural life that once saw Australia "ride on the sheep's back" is no longer what defines Australians, yet it is largely their history as a pastoral nation that has endured in heritage places and which is embedded in their self-image as Australians. The challenges of sustaining a pastoral industry in Australia make a compelling story of their own. Developing livestock breeds able to prosper in the Australian environment was an ongoing challenge, as was getting wool and meat to market. Many stock routes, wool stores, abattoirs, wharf facilities, railways, roads, and river and ocean transport systems that were developed to link the pastoral interior with the urban and market infrastructure still survive. Windmills, fences, homesteads, shearing sheds, bores, stock yards, traveling stock routes, bush roads and railheads all changed the look of the country. These features of the landscape are symbols of a pastoral Australia, and of the foundations of a national identity, which will endure long into the future. Key features * Outlines the history of pastoralism from 1788 to 1967 in an accessible way * Links the history to the many and varied surviving sites and landscape features created by it, which are now part of the heritage * Tells the story of involvement of Aboriginal people in pastoralism, particularly in northern Australia * Puts pastoralism into the context of Australia's development as a nation
Arranging the transportation of animals at research facilities is often an ordeal. There is a confusing patchwork of local, national, and international regulations; a perceived lack of high-quality shipping services; a dearth of science-based good practices; and a lack of biosafety standards. It's a challenge â€"and an impediment to biomedical research. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals identifies the current problems encountered in the transportation of research animals and offers recommendations aimed at local and federal officials to rectify these problems. This book also includes a set of good practices based on the extensive body of literature on transportation of agricultural animals, universal concepts of physiology, and a scientific understanding of species-specific needs and differences. Good practices were developed by the committee to address thermal environment, space requirements, food and water requirements, social interaction, monitoring of transportation, emergency procedures, personnel training, and biosecurity. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals is an essential guide for all researchers, animal care technicians, facilities managers, administrators, and animal care and use committees at research institutions.
These guidelines cover the transportation process for cattle, pigs, goats, sheep and poultry, with an emphasis on land transportation, following two guidelines on Climate-smart livestock and Backyard farming and slaughtering (FAO, 2021a; 2021b). It also examines how pre-slaughter treatment, stunning and slaughter can compromise animal welfare by exposing livestock to conditions that result in pain, fear and distress. The guidelines do not cover further processing once death has been confirmed. Live animals have been traded for thousands of years, from a simple exchange of animals between neighbours to modern trade in animals over vast distances. The nature of commercial livestock production and trade is such that livestock, at some point, undergo transportation from the farm of birth to a finishing system; to and from markets; to the abattoir or place of slaughter. Livestock production systems in Asia and the Pacific are becoming increasingly stratified, with several livestock movements or transfers between production and slaughter, however the vast majority of livestock are still farmed in a traditional manner. Reducing the number of steps and planning animal movement carefully can reduce the risk to animal health, animal welfare and foodborne disease. Reducing duration and frequency of transportation, whilst optimizing transportation conditions (and therefore improving animal welfare outcomes) will also invariably reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation is potentially hazardous for animals, regardless of whether travel is between or within countries, or by road, rail, air or sea. However, there are ways in which we can identify risks to animal welfare, and suggest suitable alternative conditions which would result in acceptable animal welfare outcomes.