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On October 20, 2001, a crowd gathered just east of Salmon, Idaho, to dedicate the site of the Sacajawea Interpretive, Cultural, and Education Center, in preparation for the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial. In a bitter instance of irony, the American Indian peoples conducting the ceremony dedicating the land to the tribe, the city of Salmon, and the nation?the Lemhi Shoshones, Sacajawea?s own people?had been removed from their homeland nearly a hundred years earlier and had yet to regain official federal recognition as a tribe. John W. W. Mann?s book at long last tells the remarkable and inspiring story of the Lemhi Shoshones, from their distant beginning to their present struggles. Mann offers an absorbing and richly detailed look at the life of Sacajawea?s people before their first contact with non-Natives, their encounter with the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the early nineteenth century, and their subsequent confinement to a reservation in northern Idaho near the town of Salmon. He follows the Lemhis from the liquidation of their reservation in 1907 to their forced union with the Shoshone-Bannock tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation to the south. He describes how for the past century, surrounded by more populous and powerful Native tribes, the Lemhis have fought to preserve their political, economic, and cultural integrity. His compelling and informative account should help to bring Sacajawea?s people out of the long shadow of history and restore them to their rightful place in the American story.
Situated at the base of the Continental Divide and surrounded by the Lemhi and Salmon River Ranges, Lemhi County, Idaho, provides a fascinating look at the “Old West” as it makes its precarious transition to a new order. Traditional homeland to the people of Sacajawea, Lemhi County became a destination point for Lewis and Clark as they worked their way across the continent, for trappers, for missionaries, and finally, in 1866, for prospectors and those who kept them fed, clothed, and entertained. The community that developed in the valleys of the Salmon, Lemhi, and Pahsimeroi Rivers benefited from long-term mining and the simultaneous evolution of ranching and the timber industry, and this growth was well documented by local photographers. Situated at the base of the Continental Divide and surrounded by the Lemhi and Salmon River Ranges, Lemhi County, Idaho, provides a fascinating look at the “Old West” as it makes its precarious transition to a new order. Traditional homeland to the people of Sacajawea, Lemhi County became a destination point for Lewis and Clark as they worked their way across the continent, for trappers, for missionaries, and finally, in 1866, for prospectors and those who kept them fed, clothed, and entertained. The community that developed in the valleys of the Salmon, Lemhi, and Pahsimeroi Rivers benefited from long-term mining and the simultaneous evolution of ranching and the timber industry, and this growth was well documented by local photographers.
In May 1855 twenty-seven men set out from the young Mormon settlements in Utah to establish the northernmost colony of the Kingdom of God, "the Northern Mission to the Remnants of the House of Jacob"-American Indians. More colonists, including families, would join them later. Building a fort in the Limhi Valley, four hundred miles to the north and at the foot of the pass by which Lewis and Clark had crossed the Continental Divide, they began to proselyte among Sacagawea's Shoshone relatives as well as members of the Bannock, Nez Percé, and other tribes. Three years later, some of their expected and actual Indian converts violently drove the colonists out and destroyed Fort Limhi. In Fort Limhi: The Mormon Adventure in Oregon Territory, 1855-1858, David Bigler shows that the colony, known as the Salmon River Mission, played a pivotal role in the Utah War of 1857-1858 and that the catastrophic end of the mission was critical in keeping that conflict from becoming an all out war between Mormon Utah and the United States. In the process, he uses a multitude of primary sources, many newly uncovered or previously overlooked, to reconstruct a dramatic and compelling story involving stalwart Mormon frontiersmen, Brigham Young, a variety of Native American individuals and groups, the U. S. Army, and "mountaineers," as the surviving fur trade veterans now commonly known as "mountain men" called themselves.
This is the story of John Metlen and Martin Connard, both founding fathers of the town of Grayling, Montana, and their families. Beginning in 1890, the novel chronicles the complex relationship between two generations of these clans.
Sacagawea’s life is shrouded in mystery. Although she died around the age of 24, her role as a guide and interpreter during the Lewis and Clark Expedition have landed her a permanent place in history. Readers explore the history of Sacagawea and the Lemhi Shoshone people, learning how she and her tribe were forever changed by the arrival of Europeans in their land. However, readers also learn how her contributions affected the course of United States history. With its focus on social studies, this historical biography brings important classroom concepts to life. Primary sources, historical artwork, sidebars, and a timeline complement the text’s information-rich content.