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Providing practical guidance on these complex doctrines this book analyses their constituent elements and considers the juridical foundation and relationship with other areas of law and other application in various aspects of commercial law.
The doctrines of waiver, variation and estoppel are relied upon to justify or criticize a party's changed position as to its contractual obligations. This book provides a complete practitioner guide to these complex but important doctrines, analysing their basic foundations and their relationship with other areas of law including contract, restitution, and equity. As well as clarifying and explaining these doctrines in relation to other areas it also considers their application in various aspects of commercial law. This new edition provides a thorough analysis of the increasing trend in commercial parties to insert "no waiver" clauses into contracts and considers the behaviour adopted by the courts in relation to these and other matters. It also includes coverage of important cases such as the House of Lords decision in Yeoman v Cobbe, Dallah Real Estate v Pakistan Ministry of Religious Affairs and those such as the Scottish decision in City Inns which demonstrate an on-going confusion and uncertainty in the analysis and application of these doctrines.
Estoppel, variation and waiver are three overlapping doctrines in commercial law which are invoked to alter or end existing contractual arrangements. Because there has been no systematic classification and analysis of the doctrines and there is no obvious dividing line between them, this a difficult area for practitioners. This book examines all three doctrines and helps attorneys decide when and how to use them effectively.
Commercial law and practice are riddled with examples of the parties formally and informally altering the bargains into which they have entered. The means by which alteration occurs are contained within the doctrines of waiver, variation, and estoppel. This book provides definitions of these notoriously difficult doctrines, together with a detailed analysis of how they apply throughout the commercial law in doctrine and practice. In the second edition the author has revised and rewritten much of the text to take into account recent cases, and new material has been added on issue estoppel, commercial property, and the possibility of an over-arching unifying theory governing the doctrines.
This work contains within a single book an account of all the forms of estoppel in operation today, including estoppel by record (res iudicata), as well as of the associated doctrine of election. There can be few practitioners who do not at some time have to engage with estoppel. Estoppel applies across all, or nearly all, English civil law. In explaining each form of estoppel an attempt is made to state the main elements which have to be proved to establish the estoppel and then to detail each element with its various components. At the end of each chapter a brief summary of the estoppel is included so as to guide practitioners and others to any question important in any particular case. The law of estoppel has considerably advanced over recent decades, and over the last 10 years alone there have been major changes, such as the clarification of the previously uncertain boundaries of proprietary estoppel, a statement of the exceptions to the principles of res iudicata, and the extension law as well as of fact. These and other subjects are explained in full.
Provides a fresh, topical and accessible account of the Australian law of contract.
Introduction. Part I: Contract Formalities. The role of formality. Specific formalities: substantive conditions of a binding contract. Specific formalities: evidence. A general formality: the deed Part II: The Doctrine Of Consideration. The historical and comparative context. Consideration as a condition of existence of the contract. Consideration in the variation and discharge of a contract Part III: Promissory Estoppel. The traditional role of promissory estoppel: variation of an existing obligation. The developing role of promissory estoppel: creation of a new obligation. Conclusions.
With a chapter on public procurement by Sarah Hannaford ; A commentary on JCT forms of contract by Adirian Williamson, and a commentary of the infrastructure conditions of contract by John Uff
A Restatement of the English Law of Contract is the second Restatement of English law undertaken by Andrew Burrows following on the success of A Restatement of the English Law of Unjust Enrichment (OUP, 2012). Designed to enhance the accessibility of the common law the Restatement comprises a number of clear succinct rules, fully explained by a supporting commentary, which set out the general law of contract in England and Wales. Written by one of the leading authorities in this area, in collaboration with an advisory group of senior judges, academics, and legal practitioners, the Restatement offers a novel and powerfully persuasive statement of the law in this central area of English law. All lawyers dealing with the English law of contract, whether as practitioners, judges, academics, or law students, cannot but benefit from this Restatement. The English law of contract is one of the most respected systems of contract law in the world and by the device of a 'choice of law' clause is often chosen by foreign commercial parties as the applicable law to govern their contract. One of the aims of the Restatement is for the reader, including those from civil law jurisdictions, to see quickly and easily how the different elements of the English law of contract fit together.
Significantly streamlined and updated, the second edition of Andrews' Contract Law now provides a clear and succinct examination of all of the topics in the contract law curriculum. Chapters direct students to the most important decisions in case law and employ a two-level structure to integrate short judicial excerpts into detailed discussion and analysis. Exploration of the law's 'loose ends' strengthens students' ability to effectively analyse case law, and new end-of-chapter questions, which focus on both core aspects of the law and interesting legal loopholes, assist students in preparing for exams. Students are guided through chapter material by concise chapter overviews and a two-colour text design that highlights important chapter elements. Suggestions for further reading and a rich bibliography, which point readers to important pieces of contemporary literature and provide a springboard for deeper investigation of particular topics, lend further support for student learning.