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The New Zealand Wars were a series of conflicts that profoundly shaped the course and direction of our nation’s history. Fought between the Crown and various groups of Māori between 1845 and 1872, the wars touched many aspects of life in nineteenth century New Zealand, even in those regions spared actual fighting. Physical remnants or reminders from these conflicts and their aftermath can be found all over the country, whether in central Auckland, Wellington, Dunedin, or in more rural locations such as Te Pōrere or Te Awamutu. The wars are an integral part of the New Zealand story but we have not always cared to remember or acknowledge them. Today, however, interest in the wars is resurgent. Public figures are calling for the wars to be taught in all schools and a national day of commemoration was recently established. Following on from the best-selling The Great War for New Zealand, Vincent O'Malley's new book provides a highly accessible introduction to the causes, events and consequences of the New Zealand Wars. The text is supported by extensive full-colour illustrations as well as timelines, graphs and summary tables.
Spanning nearly two centuries from first contact through to settlement and apology, ​this major work focuses on the human impact of the war in the Waikato, its origins and aftermath.
Between 1845 and 1872, various groups of Maori were involved in a series of wars of resistance against British settlers. The Maori had a fierce and long-established warrior tradition and subduing them took a lengthy British Army commitment, only surpassed in the Victorian period by that on the North-West Frontier of India. Warfare had been endemic in pre-colonial New Zealand and Maori groups maintained fortified villages or pas. The small early British coastal settlements were tolerated, and in the 1820s a chief named Hongi Hika travelled to Britain with a missionary and returned laden with gifts. He promptly exchanged these for muskets, and began an aggressive 15-year expansion. By the 1860s many Maori had acquired firearms and had perfected their bush-warfare tactics. In the last phase of the wars a religious movement, Pai Maarire ('Hau Hau'), inspired remarkable guerrilla leaders such as Te Kooti Arikirangi to renewed resistance. This final phase saw a reduction in British Army forces. European victory was not total, but led to a negotiated peace that preserved some of the Maori people's territories and freedoms.
The New Zealand Wars is a powerful revisionist history. Revealing the enormous tactical and military skill of Maori, and the inability of the 'Victorian interpretation of racial conflict' to acknowledge those qualities, this account of the New Zealand Wars changed how the country's history was understood. Belich undertakes a complete reinterpretation of the crucial episode in New Zealand history and the result is a very different picture from the one previously given in historical works. Maori, in this new view, won the Northern War and stalemated the British in the Taranaki War of 1860-61 only to be defeated by 18,000 British troops in the Waikato War of 1863-64. The secret of effective Maori resistance was an innovative military system, the modern pa, a trench-and-bunker fortification of a sophistication not achieved in Europe until 1915. According to the author: 'The degree of Maori success in all four major wars is still underestimated - even to the point where, in the case of one war, the wrong side is said to have won.' Here, Belich sets out to show how historical distortions have arisen over time and revises our understanding of New Zealand history by using fresh evidence and a systematic re-analysis of old evidence.
This book offers an exploration of unique laws and customs placed around warfare throughout history, from Indigenous Australians to the American Civil War.
From the earliest days of European settlement in New Zealand, Maori have struggled to hold on to their land. Tensions began early, arising from disputed land sales. When open conflict between Maori and Imperial forces broke out in the 1840s and 1860s, the struggles only intensified. For both sides, land was at the heart of the conflict, one that casts a long shadow over race relations in modern-day New Zealand. Wars Without End is the first book to approach this contentious subject from a Maori point of view, focusing on the Maori resolve to maintain possession of customary lands and explaining the subtleties of an ongoing and complex conflict. Written by senior Maori historian Danny Keenan, Wars Without End eloquently and powerfully describes the Maori reasons for fighting the Land Wars, placing them in the wider context of the Maori struggle to retain their sovereign estates. The Land Wars might have been quickly forgotten by Pakeha, but for Maori these longstanding struggles are wars without end.
Copy in Mahi Māreikura on loan from the whanau of Maharaia Winiata. Bookmark (postcard in envelope) in volume 1 at page 105.
The wars of the border-land, Nga-Puhi and other -- Battle of Moremo-nui, Nga-Puhi v. Ngati-Whatua -- Further wars on the border-land -- The Great Epidemic -- Early northern expedition to the south -- Muru-paenga's first expedition to Taranaki -- Tau-kawau's first expedition to Taranaki -- Marsden's first visit to Bay of Islands -- Te Morenga and Hongi visit the East Cape -- Tu-whare and Te Rauparaha's expedition to Port Nicholson -- Death of Tu-whare -- The Wai-te-mata and Thames -- War at Te Roto-a-Tara -- Death of Nahu, fights at Te Aratipi, &c. -- Marsden's visit to Hauraki and Kaipara -- Cruise's visit to Waitemata and Hauraki -- Te Moregna's visiti to the Thames -- Te Moregna's visit to Tauranga -- Marsden visits Katikati -- Koriwhai's death -- Titore and Te Wera's expedition to East Cape, and fall of Te Whetu-mata-rau -- Waipaoa -- Te Morenga's visit to Tamaki, death of Korperu -- Fall of Mauinaina to Hongi -- Fall of Te Totara pa to Hongi -- Pomare's raid to Tuhua-- |a Death of Te Pae-o-te-rangi at Rotorua -- "Te Amio-whenua" expedition -- Battle of Te Motou-nui, Taranaki -- Fall of Matakitaki to Hongi -- Pomare's first visit to the Urewera Country -- Te Roto-a-Tara (Kaupapa) -- Fall of Mokoia, Rotorua, to Hongi -- Pomare and Te Wera-Hamaki's expedition to the south -- Pomare's pease with Ngati-Porou -- Te Wera settles at Te Mahia Peninsula -- Te Wera's doings at Heretaunga -- Te Pakake -- Peace between Nga-Puhi and Waikato -- The "Coquille" at the Bay of Islands -- Troubles at Whangarei -- Death of Te Toroa and Rangi-wai-tatao, at Wairoa -- Te Mau-tara-nui visits the Bay of Islands -- The fall of Titirangi, Puke-karoro, &c., pas, Hawke's Bay -- Moumou-kai, Wai-kotero, Puke-Karoro -- Battle of Te Ika-a-ranga-nui, Kaipara -- Death of Te Mau-tara-nui -- Fall of Pohatu-roa, Hawke's Bay -- Fall of Waihau -- Fall of Noho-awatea, Waikato -- Pomare's death -- Death of Muru-paenga -- The Wai-te-mata in 1827 (D'Urville's account-- |a Rangi-tuke's expedition -- Tawa-tawhiti fight -- Rangi-tukia's expedition -- Hongi Hika, his death -- Taking of the "Hawes" -- The death of Ngarara -- The girls' war -- Ahuahu and Motiti (Te Haramiti's expedition) -- Pukerangi's expedition to Waikato -- Titore's first expedition to Tauranga -- Matamatat -- Titore's second expedition to Tauranga -- Puckey's visit to Te Reinga -- Toka-a-kuku -- Expedition to the Great Barrier -- The coming of the white man.
Admirably clear and concise in its account of the aftermath of the land wars, Kinds of Peace examines the political, religious and other reactions among M&āori towards the coming of peace. It considers the effect of the wars on the M&āori people of Waikato, Taranaki, and Hawkes Bay, and draws heavily on M&āori sources. Special emphasis is given to leaders Te Whiti and T&āwhiao. Sinclair writes a challenging and eminently readable book. It is a major contribution by New Zealand's most distinguished historian to our knowledge of nineteenth-century M&āori history.