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By a happy coincidence, the completion of this text coincided with the 200th anniversary of the discovery of gadolinite, the mineral with which the lanthanide story begins. For a group of elements which occur in only trace amounts biologically, and which have no known metabolic role, the lanthanides have spawned a surprisingly large biochemicalliterature. Se rious interest in the biochemical properties ofthese elements can be traced to concerns about the safety of radioactive lanthanides toward the end of World War 11. As recent events at Chernobyl indicate, this concern re mains topical. However, the literature on lanthanide biochemistry pre dates the atomic era, beginning with sporadic, medically motivated studies in the latter part of the 19th century. Much of the present biochemical activity involving the lanthanides centers around their ability to provide 2 important information on the interactions of Ca + with macromolecules and with eukafyotic cells. With the increasing industrial use of the lan thanides, their toxicological properties will need to be examined more closely. Rare earth pneumonoconiosis has already been identified as a disease produced by industrial exposure to lanthanides. Several of the biochemical properties of the lanthanides are of relevance to modern medicine. Already cerium-based ointments are used to treat burn wounds, while paramagnetic lanthanides find application in nuclear magnetic res onance imaging. This book is an attempt to collate and to present in reasonable detail existing knowledge of lanthanide biochemistry before the literature be comes unmanageable.
The only introduction into the exciting chemistry of Lanthanides and Actinides. The book is based on a number of courses on "f elements" The author has a long experience in teaching this field of chemistry Lanthanides have become very common elements in research and technology applications; this book offers the basic knowledge The book offers insights into a vast range of applications, from lasers to synthesis The Inorganic Chemistry: A Textbook series reflects the pivotal role of modern inorganic and physical chemistry in a whole range of emerging areas, such as materials chemistry, green chemistry and bioinorganic chemistry, as well as providing a solid grounding in established areas such as solid state chemistry, coordination chemistry, main group chemistry and physical inorganic chemistry. Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry is a one-volume account of the Lanthanides (including scandium and yttrium), the Actinides and the Transactinide elements, intended as an introductory treatment for undergraduate and postgraduate students. The principal features of these elements are set out in detail, enabling clear comparison and contrast with the Transition Elements and Main Group metals. The book covers the extraction of the elements from their ores and their purification, as well as the synthesis of the man-made elements; the properties of the elements and principal binary compounds; detailed accounts of their coordination chemistry and organometallic chemistry, from both preparative and structural viewpoints, with a clear explanation of the factors responsible for the adoption of particular coordination numbers; spectroscopy and magnetism, especially for the lanthanides, with case studies and accounts of applications in areas like magnetic resonance imaging, lasers and luminescence; nuclear separations and problems in waste disposal for the radioactive elements, particularly in the context of plutonium. Latest developments are covered in areas like the synthesis of the latest man-made elements, whilst there is a whole chapter on the application of lanthanide compounds in synthetic organic chemistry. End-of-chapter questions suitable for tutorial discussions are provided, whilst there is a very comprehensive bibliography providing ready access to further reading on all topics.
Science is not a mere collection of facts. It is the correlation of facts, the interpretative synthesis of the available knowledge and its application that excite the imagination of a scientist. Even in these days of modern technology, the need for quick and accurate dissemination of new information and current concepts still exists. Conferences and Symposia offer one direct method of communication. The Summer Schools are another approach. The success of a Summer School is mainly due to that human factor and under standing that goes with it and allows for extensive and often time-unrestricted discussions. During the course of the past 20 years, one of the most in tensively studied groups of elements in the Periodic Table is the Lanthanides. In this period, we have increased our knowledge on these once exotic elements, which were once considered to be a part of a lean and hungry industry, many-fold due to the involve ment of scientists from various disciplines. The purpose of our Summer School was to bring a group of ex perts and participants together for the exchange of ideas and in formation in an informal setting and to promote interdisciplinary interactions. Out of many conceivable topics, we selected the following five as the main basis to broaden our knowledge and understanding I) Systematics 2) Structure 3) Electronic and Magnetic Proper ties 4) Spectroscopic Properties and 5) Lanthanide Geochemistry.
The Lanthanides and Actinides: Synthesis, Reactivity, Properties and Applications constitutes an introduction to and comprehensive coverage of f-block chemistry encompassing the following areas: periodicity, natural occurrence and extraction, separations, electronic structure, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, small molecule activation, catalysis, organic synthesis applications, magnetism, spectroscopy, computation, materials, photonics, solar cell technology, biological imaging, and technological applications. Under these subject areas the book provides a broad but deep coverage, providing basic overviews as well as detailed chapters on specific areas.This book, targeted at academics, postgraduates and advanced undergraduates, will serve as an ideal introductory text and key reference work to the Lanthanides and Actinides.
Introduces the lanthanide elements, also known as the rare earth metals, discussing their physical and chemical properties, where they are found, and how they are used.
With contributions by numerous experts
Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 26: The Chemistry of the Lanthanides provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the chemistry of lanthanides. This book discusses the electronic configurations and the consequences thereof of lanthanides. Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the characterized state of oxidation of all the lanthanides both in solid compounds and in solutions in water and other solvents. This text then presents the data indicating an overall decrease from lanthanum to lutetium even though there is the expected increase in the sizes of atoms and derived terpositive ions in Group IIIA elements. Other chapters consider the differences between the lanthanide elements and the d-transition. This book discusses as well the types of lanthanide complexes. The final chapter deals with the estimated absolute abundances of the lanthanides in the cosmos as well as in the crust. This book is a valuable resource for inorganic chemists.
This book has been designed to cover the syllabus of Inorganic Chemistry required for the B.Sc./B.Sc. Hons./M.Sc. students of the various Universities. I have compelled all the questions asked so far in different universities as well as C.C.S. University Meerut. I have arranged the subject matter in a continuous manner. Special emphasis has been laid on fundamental concept of the topics. Care has been taken to make the treatment of the subject simple and accessible to the average students. The gradation of the solved and unsolved questions has been facilitated from simple to difficult. It is believed that the book in the present form will be found to be useful by the student community and the teaching fraternity alike. Contents: Lanthanides (4f-Block Series), Fuels and Furnaces, Precipitation from Homogeneous Medium, Actinides (5F-Block Elements).
Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 26: The Chemistry of the Lanthanides provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the chemistry of lanthanides. This book discusses the electronic configurations and the consequences thereof of lanthanides. Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the characterized state of oxidation of all the lanthanides both in solid compounds and in solutions in water and other solvents. This text then presents the data indicating an overall decrease from lanthanum to lutetium even though there is the expected increase in the sizes of ...