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Knock-limited performance data obtained with several small-scale engines for blends containing nine aromatic hydrocarbons blended individually in various concentrations with selected base fuels have previously been published. The present report presents similar knock-limited data on m-diethylbenzene, 1-ethyl-4-methylbenzene, and sec-butylbenzene. This report also includes a summarization and discussion of the relative performance of the 12 aromatics based on results of the small-scale-engine data and comparative published full-scale-cylinder data.
In order to determine blending sensitivity, lead susceptibility, and sensitivity of the blends to inlet-air temperature, knock-limited small-scale-engine tests were made of toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene blended individually in various concentrations with selected base fuels. Toluene, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene increased the knock-limited indicated mean effective pressures of the two base fuels from 5-183 percent at high fuel air ratios depending on operating conditions and percentage of aromatics. At lean fuel air mixtures the addition of the aromatics increased the knock-limited indicated mean effective pressure of the base fuel 10-39 percent in the full-scale cylinder and 0.33 percent in the 17.6 engine. The general trend indicated that the lead susceptibility of the aromatic blends increased with increasing aromatic content and decreased with increasing inlet-air temperature.
Knock-limited engine data are given for 10 alkyl-benzene aromatics, each with base fuels.
At mild or moderate engine severity, 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane blend was highest in knock limit of the paraffins tested, but at severe conditions it was lowest; at severe (F-3) conditions, triptane blend was best.
Knock-limited tests were conducted with F-4, F-3, and 17.6 small-scale engines and with a full-scale cylinder on blends containing the following purified hydrocarbons: 2,2,3,4-tetramethylpentane, 2,3,3,4-tetramethylpentane, 3,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene, and 2,3,4-trimethyl-2-pentene.
Reproductions of reports, some declassified, of research done at Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory during World War II. The order of reports does not represent when they were chronologically issued. Reference to the original version of each report is included.