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Countries that have a domestic final appellate court have established a judicial institution over which they have control as part of the policymaking governing structure and how they view other existing and emerging extraterritorial courts will be influenced by their perception of the court and the role it will play when the policies of the governing coalition are challenged. This book analyzes that phenomenon in terms of the broader construction and understanding of the state in the era of international law, legal tribunals, and globalization. By zooming in on the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), an ancient colonial court, Harold Young examines how the Caribbean Community, specifically, the 15 former British colonies comprising the Caribbean Basin are navigating their changing political environments and transitioning to its own extraterritorial court, the Caribbean Court of Justice. Using historical reviews, descriptive analyses, and statistical methodologies Young finds that the choice to retain the JCPC at independence is influenced by the colonial experience, the length of colonial rule, and how deeply embedded the JCPC is on the governing structures of the new state.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the court of final appeal for jurisdictions including the British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, and for those Commonwealth countries that have retained the appeal to Her Majesty in Council. This volume aims to explain the JCPC's unique procedures, practices, and, where relevant, jurisprudence in a manner which is readily accessible, even to those unfamiliar with it. It will provide valuable guidance to practitioners considering whether to seek recourse to the JCPC and, if an appeal is pursued, throughout the appeal process. This comprehensive guide to the JCPC is the first work of its kind since 1937. It includes chapters on jurisdiction, conditions of appeal, precedent, and the JCPC's role in interpreting constitutions as part of a workload which still ranges from death row criminal cases to heavy commercial disputes. Importantly, the authors provide detailed commentary on the complex Rules and Practice Directions that underwent a significant overhaul in 2009, for which no dedicated volume currently exists. Emphasis is placed on topics of greatest practical importance to litigants, including timings, the form and content of written cases, issues of costs, and the role of the Registrar. This one-stop reference is essential for any practitioner in the countries for which the JCPC remains the final court of appeal, as well as for UK solicitors acting as local counsel and members of the UK Bar instructed in JCPC appeals. It also provides students and academics with chapters on the history, jurisprudence, and the sources of law considered by the JCPC, as well as on its interaction with other court systems. The release of this work is particularly timely given that in the judgment Willers v Gubayi [2016] UKSC 44 the UK Supreme Court explained for the first time the circumstances in which the JCPC may bind the Courts of England and Wales. With authoritative authorship and unique content, this is a must-have resource for all those pursuing a case before, or with an interest in, the JCPC.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was the final appellate court of the British Empire. In 1935 the Irish Free State was recognized as the first part of the empire to abolish the appeal to the Privy Council. This book examines the controversial Irish appeal to the Privy Council in the wider context of the history of the British Empire in the early 20th century. In particular, it analyses Irish resistance to the imposition of the appeal in 1922 and attempts to abolish it at the Imperial conferences of the 1920s and 1930s. The book also examines the various means by which the Oireachtas attempted to block appeals from the Irish Supreme Court. In addition, this work examines the contention that the Privy Council appeal offered a means of safeguarding the rights of the Protestant minority within the Irish Free State. Finally, it reveals British intentions that the Privy Council act as the guardian and enforcer of the integrity of the Anglo-Irish settlement embodied in the 1921 Treaty. The conclusion to this work explains why the Privy Council was unsuccessful in protecting this settlement. (Series: Irish Legal History Society, Vol. 25) [Subject: Legal History, 20th-Century History, Local & National Government, Ireland & Europe]
On 18 October 1929, John Sankey, England's reform-minded Lord Chancellor, ruled in the Persons case that women were eligible for appointment to Canada's Senate. Initiated by Edmonton judge Emily Murphy and four other activist women, the Persons case challenged the exclusion of women from Canada's upper house and the idea that the meaning of the constitution could not change with time. The Persons Case considers the case in its political and social context and examines the lives of the key players: Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, and the other members of the "famous five," the politicians who opposed the appointment of women, the lawyers who argued the case, and the judges who decided it. Robert J. Sharpe and Patricia I. McMahon examine the Persons case as a pivotal moment in the struggle for women's rights and as one of the most important constitutional decisions in Canadian history. Lord Sankey's decision overruled the Supreme Court of Canada's judgment that the courts could not depart from the original intent of the framers of Canada's constitution in 1867. Describing the constitution as a "living tree," the decision led to a reassessment of the nature of the constitution itself. After the Persons case, it could no longer be viewed as fixed and unalterable, but had to be treated as a document that, in the words of Sankey, was in "a continuous process of evolution." The Persons Case is a comprehensive study of this important event, examining the case itself, the ruling of the Privy Council, and the profound affect that it had on women's rights and the constitutional history of Canada.
This is a vital study of the motivations of the British Imperial Appeal Courts and the tensions between the demands of imperial law and justice and those of African law and custom. Examining the central role of the Privy Council and the Courts, it reveals the impact of the colonized peoples in shaping the processes and outcomes of imperial justice.
The establishment of the Caribbean Court of Justice sees the countries of the Commonwealth Caribbean at an important and exciting judicial crossroads. Debate, often acrimonious, continues over the abolishment of ties to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council and, increasingly those influencing the debate are a more educated and articulate Cari
Comprehensive, ambitious, and detailed, The Lawmakers will be the definitive work on the evolution of the law of Canadian federalism.
The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
In the nineteenth century, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council held sway over the lives, liberties and property of more than a quarter of the world's inhabitants.
In 1888, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council ruled in St. Catherine’s Milling and Lumber Company v. The Queen, a case involving the Saulteaux people’s land rights in Ontario. This precedent-setting case would define the legal contours of Aboriginal title in Canada for almost a hundred years, despite the racist assumptions about Indigenous peoples at the heart of the case. In Flawed Precedent, preeminent legal scholar Kent McNeil provides a compelling account of this contentious case. He begins by delving into the historical and ideological context of the 1880s. He then examines the trial in detail, demonstrating how prejudicial attitudes towards Indigenous peoples influenced the decision. He further discusses the effects that St. Catherine’s had on law and policy until the 1970s when its authority was finally questioned in Calder, then in Delgamuukw, Marshall/Bernard, Tsilhqot’in, and other key rulings. He also provides an informative analysis of the current judicial understanding of Aboriginal title in Canada, now driven by evidence of Indigenous law and land use rather than by the discarded prejudicial assumptions of a bygone era.