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This is a comprehensive work summarizing the current state of knowledge of the biology of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Swaziland, Lesotho and Maputo Province, Mozambique). It provides an overview of the history of tick research in Southern Africa and the evolution of our knowledge of the ticks’ distribution and biology, as well as the methods used to determine tick distribution, abundance and host preference. The morphologies of most of the tick species known to occur in Southern Africa are described and illustrated, and their distributions are described and mapped in relation to the biomes of the region. The known hosts for each tick species are listed, and the tick’s host preferences are discussed. Information on most species life cycle in the laboratory and the field, and their seasonal occurrence, is summarized. The diseases of animals and humans transmitted or caused by each tick species are summarized in relation to tick ecology. Aspects of the biology of the major hosts relevant to tick infestations are described, and extensive tick/host and host/tick lists are provided for each country
This is a comprehensive work summarizing the current state of knowledge of the biology of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Swaziland, Lesotho and Maputo Province, Mozambique). It provides an overview of the history of tick research in Southern Africa and the evolution of our knowledge of the ticks' distribution and biology, as well as the methods used to determine tick distribution, abundance and host preference. The morphologies of most of the tick species known to occur in Southern Africa are described and illustrated, and their distributions are described and mapped in relation to the biomes of the region. The known hosts for each tick species are listed, and the tick's host preferences are discussed. Information on most species life cycle in the laboratory and the field, and their seasonal occurrence, is summarized. The diseases of animals and humans transmitted or caused by each tick species are summarized in relation to tick ecology. Aspects of the biology of the major hosts relevant to tick infestations are described, and extensive tick/host and host/tick lists are provided for each country.
The study consists of three parallel investigations: (1) survey and critical review of the world-wide literature dealing with the ixodid ticks of Central Africa in general and of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi in particular; (2) examination and identification of available ixodid tick materials previously collected in Central Africa (Congo, Rwanda and Burundi), comprising some 70,000 specimens; and (3) collection and identification of new materials coupled with field and laboratory observations on the biology and ecology of some of the tick species occurring in the Kivu Province of the Congo and in the Republic of Rwanda. Up to the present time, 78 species of ixodid ticks belonging to nine genera have been reported from Central Africa (Congo, Rwanda and Burundi). Of this, the presence of 75 species in this area is validated by available materials and new collections. The geographical distribution, as well as the list of affected hosts vary with each species. Most of these species occur on a variety of domestic and wild animals and are capable of causing severe economic losses to the livestock industry as well as transmitting agents of human diseases. The results of these studies are presented in such a way that each genus is treated as a discrete unit in which each species is dealt with from the viewpoint of taxonomy, distribution and hosts, biology, relationship to disease, diagnosis, description and illustration. The distribution of each of the species in the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi is plotted individually on maps, and keys to the identification of the adults of each species are presented in the treatment of each genus. (Author).