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The Social Security Administration (SSA) uses a screening tool called the Listing of Impairments to identify claimants who are so severely impaired that they cannot work at all and thus immediately qualify for benefits. In this report, the IOM makes several recommendations for improving SSA's capacity to determine disability benefits more quickly and efficiently using the Listings.
Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.
Over the past three decades, impressive progress in the field of pathogenesis, prevention and therapy of ischemic heart disease has resulted in a marked decline in mortality in the Western World. However, the incidence of this devastating disease is on the rise in developing countries. The Ischemic Heart is based upon a recent symposium in Tokyo on the subject. This volume is organized into two sections: (i) Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and (ii) Preconditioning and Protection of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, and contains up-to-date information concerning the current concepts of ischemia-reperfusion injury, the sequence of events resulting in the loss of contractile dysfunction, and mechanisms of cardioprotection by several drugs as well as the role of ischemic preconditioning in attenuating problems associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury.
This open access book focuses on diagnostic and interventional imaging of the chest, breast, heart, and vessels. It consists of a remarkable collection of contributions authored by internationally respected experts, featuring the most recent diagnostic developments and technological advances with a highly didactical approach. The chapters are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. As such, it presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge on imaging of the heart and chest, as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of "hot topics". The book is intended for radiologists, however, it is also of interest to clinicians in oncology, cardiology, and pulmonology.
This straightforward guide to the recognition and management of ischemic heart disease provides clinically relevant information needed by today's medical practitioners. The book covers the disease's epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Topics include detection of myoc
Coronary Heart Disease: Clinical, Pathological, Imaging, and Molecular Profiles presents a comprehensive picture of ischemic heart disease for practitioners, students, and investigators dealing with the varied facets of this complex subject. Individual chapters introduce the anatomy of the coronary blood vessels and cardiac development, while others consider current imaging modalities utilized for ischemic heart disease, including stress echo, nuclear diagnostic tests, non-invasive coronary artery imaging, and coronary angiography. Imaging chapters provide key clinical information on techniques and indications, and include examples of both normal and abnormal patterns. The principle thrust of the book concerns coronary atherosclerosis, the pathology of which is presented in conjunction with the results of anatomic, non-invasive imaging and angiographic studies. Related chapters cover atherogenesis, presenting new insights into the pathophysiology of the vulnerable plaque, the role of progenitor cells in vascular injury, inflammation and atherogenesis, and the genomics of vascular remodeling. Additional topics covered include angina pectoris, acute coronary syndromes, healed myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure, catheter-based and surgical revascularization, and surgical treatment of myocardial infarction and its sequelae. With contributions from a diverse group of internationally-known physicians with broad experience in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease, this book will be a valuable resource for practitioners in clinical cardiology, thoracic surgery, pathology, and cardiovascular molecular research, as well as for students in training.
The ECG is a fundamental diagnostic tool in cardiology, allowingaccurate diagnosis and monitoring of acute and chronic ischemicheart disease. In this most comprehensive book of its kind,internationally renowned authors correlate electrocardiographicrecordings with anatomical patterns of myocardial ischemia toimprove the diagnosis and management of patients with ischemicheart disease. The book is structured in two sections. Part One coverselectrocardiographic patterns of ischemia, injury andinfarction. • Each chapter discusses a different ECG abnormality inturn, clearly explaining the ischemic insults andelectrophysiological mechanisms underlying each pattern to promoterapid and accurate interpretation of the ECG in the clinicalsetting. • ECG abnormalities are correlated with myocardial anatomyand coronary angiography to produce a series of practicaldiagnostic algorithms that allow the clinician to identify not onlythe occluded artery but the precise location of the occlusionwithin the artery, facilitating appropriate therapeuticdecisions. • The authors also propose a new classification of Q-wavemyocardial infarctions based on imaging correlations with advancedtechniques such as contrast-enhanced cardiac magneticresonance. Part Two of the book covers the ECG in clinical practice. Eachchapter focuses on a different clinical syndrome, describing therole of the ECG in a global approach to the diagnosis, prognosisand risk stratification of patients with acute and chronic ischemicheart disease and guiding clinical decision-making. Extensively referenced and illustrated throughout, this book ishighly recommended for any clinician involved in the diagnosis andmanagement of ischemic heart disease.
This book serves as a pocket-sized resource to aid with the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease in the inpatient setting. Containing up-to-date information from guidelines and clinical trials, this book is the only handbook-style reference on cardiac care designed specifically for the hospitalist. The first section of the book covers cardiac pathology with an emphasis on evidence-based and guideline-based approaches to patient care. Each chapter focuses on a specific cardiovascular disease state such as acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, and aortic disease. The second section examines the differential diagnoses and recommended workup for common cardiac chief complaints including chest pain, palpitations, syncope, and dyspnea. The third and final section discusses indications and interpretation of commonly used cardiac procedures and imaging modalities. This book provides a concise review over a broad range of cardiovascular disease states in an accessible handbook-style to aid with the care of these patients. The Handbook of Inpatient Cardiology is an essential resource for physician hospitalists caring for cardiac patients on the medical ward in addition to cardiology physicians and trainees, affiliate providers, and students.
This book describes the different aspects of ischemic heart disease, one of the leading causes of death in industrialized countries, and whose growing prevalence represents a major challenge in terms of short- and long-term management and surveillance. This volume offers a comprehensive discussion of the state-of-the-art diagnostic imaging options, of disease risk stratification, selection of candidates for surgical intervention, percutaneous revascularitation, mechanical assist devices implantation. Recently, the morbidity and mortality of ischaemic heart disease have substantially improved because of the progress in therapeutic strategies, represented by the dramatic evolution of percutaneous coronary interventions, that are carefully described in the volume, together with all the other most recent treatment options: from medical therapy to conventional surgery, minimally invasive surgery, surgery of ischemic complications. The biggest challenge in the next years is, however, to reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease worldwide. This highly illustrated, case oriented reference book is aimed at cardiology fellows in training, while also helpful to surgeons, cardiologists, imaging specialists, interventional cardiologists, as well as other clinicians and students involved in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic disease.
Although there are many books on ischemic heart disease and myocardial in farction, very few relate to the acute phase of the illness. Pre-hospital coronary care units have been operational for over a decade. In 1975 the first book detailing the operation and results of the out-of-hospital Belfast Mobile Coronary Care Unit was published (The Acute Coronary Attack - Pitman Medical). Nevertheless, deaths due to coronary artery disease still remain a major challenge in contemporary society. Sudden death is largely an out-of-hospital problem. Since ventricular fibril lation is an electrical accident and can be readily corrected when a limited area of the ventricle is depolarized, methods for its containment are essential. The purpose of this book is to project the recent advances in the acute phase of ischemic heart disease. The early chapters document the history and recent develop ments in the understanding of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The etiology of ventricular arrhythmias in the acute phase of myocardial ischemia in experimental animals is discussed with particular reference to the antiarrhythmic action of drugs. Factors observed in the initiation of ventricular fibrillation in patients outside the hospital are reviewed. The practical applications both in the field of biomedical engineering as applied to mobile coro nary care and in the approach and impact of pre-hospital coronary care in the various communities in the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, and other countries in Europe are presented.