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International news-agencies, such as Reuters, the Associated Press and Agence France-Presse, have long been ‘unsung heroes’ of the media sphere. From the mid-nineteenth century, in Britain, the US, France and, to a lesser extent, Germany, a small number of agencies have fed their respective countries with international news reports. They informed governments, businesses, media and, indirectly, the general public. They helped define ‘news’. Drawing on years of archival research and first-hand experience of major news agencies, this book provides a comprehensive history of the leading news agencies based in the UK, France and the USA, from the early 1800s to the present day. It retraces their relations with one another, with competitors and clients, and the types of news, information and data they collected, edited and transmitted, via a variety of means, from carrier-pigeons to artificial intelligence. It examines the sometimes colourful biographies of agency newsmen, and the rise and fall of news agencies as markets and methods shifted, concluding by looking to the future of the organisations.
This 20th- Century Fund Report seeks to bridge the gap between journalism as practiced in the advanced Western democracies, with its emphasis on freedom to print and broadcast news, and in the Third World where there is a call for a new world information order. Fenby presents a group portrait of the four major international news agencies--United Press International, Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse. He reviews the history and current role of the news services, including their financial structure, editorial organization and general mode of operation. He examines the validity of criticism against them--charges of political and cultural imperialism sensationalism, and bias against the developing nations or development. He also examines how these agencies respond to political pressures around the world, whether they impose self-censorship, and whether they serve the public responsibly. ISBN 0-8052-3995-2 : $19.95.
A collection of essays by top international correspondants in print, broadcasting, and photojournalism, International News Reporting offers an introduction to journalism written by the people who have made the profession what it is today. Contributors identify the major areas of professional practice which students and young journalists need to know in order to work safely in, and understand fully, the field of international news gathering Looks at events from conflicts to humanitarian disasters Covers crucial topics such as how to report stories about the developing world, how to avoid stereotyping, the uses and abuses of blogging, and risk assessment for journalists in conflict zones
In the aftermath of September 11, the nature of international news has resumed a central place in media debates and political analysis. In the first collection of its kind, influential journalists and scholars probe the future of international news. Topics include the conglomerates, ethnocentric imbalances in news reporting, the rise of non-Anglo news channels, approaches for reconstructing the international news agenda, the impacts of new technologies of production and diffusion, international news rhetoric, and audiences' imagination of the "global" and their perceptions of international news coverage. In a dialogue that is both descriptive and prescriptive, this book begins an encounter between media practitioners, activists, and academics, constituencies that have tended to talk past each other but are now beginning to find some shared concerns.
As traditional news outlets’ international coverage has waned, several prominent nongovernmental organizations have taken on a growing number of seemingly journalistic functions. Groups such as Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and Médecins Sans Frontières send reporters to gather information and provide analysis and assign photographers and videographers to boost the visibility of their work. Digital technologies and social media have increased the potential for NGOs to communicate directly with the public, bypassing traditional gatekeepers. But have these efforts changed and expanded traditional news practices and coverage—and are there consequences to blurring the lines between reporting and advocacy? In NGOs as Newsmakers, Matthew Powers analyzes the growing role NGOs play in shaping—and sometimes directly producing—international news. Drawing on interviews, observations, and content analysis, he charts the dramatic growth in NGO news-making efforts, examines whether these efforts increase the organizations' chances of garnering news coverage, and analyzes the effects of digital technologies on publicity strategies. Although the contemporary media environment offers NGOs greater opportunities to shape the news, Powers finds, it also subjects them to news-media norms. While advocacy groups can and do provide coverage of otherwise ignored places and topics, they are still dependent on traditional media and political elites and influenced by the expectations of donors, officials, journalists, and NGOs themselves. Through an unprecedented glimpse into NGOs’ newsmaking efforts, Powers portrays the possibilities and limits of NGOs as newsmakers amid the transformations of international news, with important implications for the intersections of journalism and advocacy.
First Published in 1987. This book presents a series of case studies that illustrate the structures of national and international news in the press. It first summarizes our discourse analytical theory of the processes and structures of news reports as it has been developed in the last five years.
The book explores the theory of news flow around the world, and analyses many of its dimensions such as the global standing of the United States, the Middle Eastern conflicts as seen around the world, and, the effect of financial news. In doing so, the book unveils new patterns, meanings and implications of international news on our perception of the world.
As cash-strapped metropolitan newspapers struggle to maintain their traditional influence and quality reporting, large national and international outlets have pivoted to serving readers who can and will choose to pay for news, skewing coverage toward a wealthy, white, and liberal audience. Amid rampant inequality and distrust, media outlets have become more out of touch with the democracy they purport to serve. How did journalism end up in such a predicament, and what are the prospects for achieving a more equitable future? In News for the Rich, White, and Blue, Nikki Usher recasts the challenges facing journalism in terms of place, power, and inequality. Drawing on more than a decade of field research, she illuminates how journalists decide what becomes news and how news organizations strategize about the future. Usher shows how newsrooms remain places of power, largely white institutions growing more elite as journalists confront a shrinking job market. She details how Google, Facebook, and the digital-advertising ecosystem have wreaked havoc on the economic model for quality journalism, leaving local news to suffer. Usher also highlights how the handful of likely survivors—well-funded media outlets such as the New York Times—increasingly appeal to a global, “placeless” reader. News for the Rich, White, and Blue concludes with a series of provocative recommendations to reimagine journalism to ensure its resiliency and its ability to speak to a diverse set of issues and readers.
Constraints on media reporting -- Conclusion -- 6 Disempowering news: The feminisation of development -- The feminisation of poverty -- "Empowering" women - for less gender justice? -- Gendered news practices -- 7 New technologies for old ideas -- An ICT-driven new economy -- Technology as geopolitics -- Technology as colonial legitimisation -- Technology without politics? -- 8 Malthusianism and news framing of population growth -- Shifting the blame -- Legitimising racism -- Malthusianism returns as the bell curve -- Towards a better news articulation of population issues -- Conclusion: Beyond the North-to-South lecture: Can the news media ever get to the core of development? -- Us-versus-them propaganda -- What is being 'sold' -- What is being missed -- Where to from here? -- References -- Index