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Criminal proceedings, it is often now said, ought to be conducted with integrity. But what, exactly, does it mean for criminal process to have, or to lack, 'integrity'? Is integrity in this sense merely an aspirational normative ideal, with possibly diffuse influence on conceptions of professional responsibility? Or is it also a juridical concept with robust institutional purchase and enforceable practical consequences in criminal litigation? The 16 new essays contained in this collection, written by prominent legal scholars and criminologists from Australia, Hong Kong, the UK and the USA, engage systematically with - and seek to generate further debate about - the theoretical and practical significance of 'integrity' at all stages of the criminal process. Reflecting the flexibility and scope of a putative 'integrity principle', the essays range widely over many of the most hotly contested issues in contemporary criminal justice theory, policy and practice, including: the ethics of police investigations, charging practice and discretionary enforcement; prosecutorial independence, policy and operational decision-making; plea bargaining; the perils of witness coaching and accomplice testimony; expert evidence; doctrines of admissibility and abuse of process; lay participation in criminal adjudication; the role of remorse in criminal trials; the ethics of appellate judgment writing; innocence projects; and state compensation for miscarriages of justice.
The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
"Setting out the law relating to abuse of process in criminal law, it analyses the underlying issues and draws together the evolving case law on different aspects of abuse of process including delay, breach of promise, the destruction of evidence, non-disclosure, entrapment and extradition. In the last six years there has been a significant amount of new law relevant to the development of abuse of process in criminal proceedings under an evolving definition of abuse of process. - The new edition is fully updated throughout with new chapters and material on: - What is the current definition of an abuse of process? Reviews the evolution of the definition from the Beckford case, through the Maxwell and Warren decisions onto the Crawley and D v A authorities. - Lost Evidence Cases - evolving case law in relation to failures to follow reasonable lines of enquiry in the context of CPS and DPP guidance on investigations into communication evidence. - Non-Disclosure Abuse - probably the most common category of abuse which is argued. The media have recently reported on cases where there were significant disclosure failings by prosecutors leading to the termination of proceedings, but what are the factors judges should consider in deciding whether non-disclosure amounts to abuse of process? - Entrapment abuse - Abuse of process after conviction - is this possible? The authors argue that, given a key objective of the doctrine of abuse of process is to protect the integrity of the criminal justice system, the doctrine should also apply post-conviction. - Is abuse of process in historic sex abuse dead? - In PR v R [2019] EWCA Crim 1225, a Court led by Lord Justice Fulford (the new Vice-President of the CACD) declined to interfere with a trial judge's decision to allow a case of historic sex abuse to proceed, even though the time periods of delay were significant, and the loss of material substantial. - New section in the Procedure Chapter on the making of Abuse Applications in Regulatory Proceedings - Criminal Procedure Rules 2015 - International abuse of process cases from the international courts"--
"Project of the American Bar Association, Criminal Justice Standards Committee, Criminal Justice Section"--T.p. verso.
The exoneration of more than two hundred and fifty people who have been wrongfully convicted makes it clear that Americas criminal justice system isnt foolproof. Its important to understand the causes of wrongful conviction in order to find solutions to this growing problem. Edited by one of the nations leading legal scholars and two of her top students, this collection of essays examines critical issues, including what American justice in the age of innocence looks like; how to implement procedural mechanisms to ensure the integrity of the judicial system while safeguarding the public; whether or not the legal system is doing a good enough job uncovering wrongful convictions. This anthology provides insightful lessons based on cutting-edge research and legal analysis. Wrongful convictions are not a foregone conclusion, but the justice system must break free from a pattern of punishing innocent people and go after the true culprits. Written for judges, lawyers and scholars alike, American Justice in the Age of Innocence educates the public and helps current prisoners who are innocent contest their wrongful convictions.
This book highlights the need for empirical research to explain why some officers commit unethical acts and what might prompt other officers to report such examples of misconduct. This text offers an explanation of theories behind officer misconduct coupled with practical advice for law enforcement officials regarding how to foster ethical behavior while discouraging misconduct.
Free Market Criminal Justice explains how faith in democratic politics and free markets has undermined the rule of law in US criminal process. America's unique political development, characterized by skepticism of government power, has restrained the state's role not only in the economic realm but also in key parts of its criminal justice systems. From charging decisions through trials or guilty pleas and appeals, legal safeguards against bias, wrongful convictions, and excessive punishment rely more on politics and laissez-faire economic ideas than on enforceable rules and duties. Prosecutorial discretion is checked not by legal standards but by popular elections, and plea bargaining law is wholly built on a faith in unregulated markets-in contrast to the systems in other common law countries that also have neoliberal economies, adversarial process, and high guilty plea rates. This book argues that democratic and market ideas have led to more partisan prosecutors, narrower duties of evidence disclosure, and to a right to defense counsel that carefully accommodates preexisting wealth inequalities. Most important, democratic and market values have diminished the responsibility of judges-and of the state itself-for the accuracy and integrity of court judgments. Paradoxically, skepticism of government has expanded state power, reduced checks on executive officials, marginalized juries, and contributed to record incarceration rates. In contrast to recent arguments for re-invigorating democracy in criminal process, Free Market Criminal Justice argues that, to strengthen the rule of law, US criminal justice needs less democracy, fewer market mechanisms, and more law.