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An analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies is developed in this analysis of economic structures.
An analysis of recent data on the economic behavior of market institutions in sub-Saharan Africa, with implications for future research and current policy. In Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, Marcel Fafchamps synthesizes the results of recent surveys of indigenous market institutions in twelve countries, including Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, and Zimbabwe, and presents findings about economics exchange in Africa that have implications both for future research and current policy. Employing empirical data as well as theoretical models that clarify the data, Fafchamps takes as his unifying principle the difficulties of contract enforcement. Arguing that in an unpredictable world contracts are not always likely to be respected, he shows that contract agreements in sub-Saharan Africa are affected by the absence of large hierarchies (both corporate and governmental) and as a result must depend to a greater degree than in more developed economies on social networks and personal trust. Fafchamps considers policy recommendations as they apply to countries in three different stages of development: countries with undeveloped market institutions, like Ghana; countries at an intermediate stage, like Kenya; and countries with developed market institutions, like Zimbabwe. Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa caps ten years of personal research by the author. Fafchamps, in collaboration with such institutions as the Africa Division of the World Bank and the International Food Policy Research Institute, participated in the surveys of manufacturing firms and agricultural traders that provide the empirical basis for the book. The result is a work that makes a significant contribution to research on the continuing economic stagnation of many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and is also largely accessible to researchers in other fields and policy professionals.
This book shows how the institutional framework of a society emerges and how markets within institutions work.
This book approaches markets as a dynamic ensemble of institutions; and as a set of rules or norms, that contribute to the evolution of social systems of governance, and can be analysed as a structured social system. It tackles such questions as: * Where do markets come from and what drives their evolution? * How do organizations cope with the competitive dynamism of markets? * What is the role of governance mechanisms in the institutional coordination of markets? Using this 'new institutionalist' approach, an international group of leading scholars examine the institutional foundations of economic change. Drawn from an array of disciplines, including Business, Organization Studies, Economics, and Sociology, the contributors address the organizational capabilities of firms, the social structuration of competition, and the diversity of governance mechanisms in the market. Contributors include: Nikolaus Beck, Christophe Boone, Robert Boyer, Alexander Ebner, Neil Fligstein, Henrich R. Greve, John Harriss, Bob Hinings, Geoffrey M. Hodgson, Bob Jessop, Alfred Kieser, Namrata Malhotra, Renate E. Meyer, Richard R. Nelson, Rudolf Richter, Peter Walgenbach, Filippo Carlo Wezel, Sidney G. Winter, and Arjen Van Witteloostuijn.
Second edition of a successful textbook that provides an insightful analysis of the world financial system.
DIVOffers a new political explanation for the creation of market institutions as it investigates Russia's transition from a command economy /div
Thoroughly updated, this new sixth edition of Financial Institutions and Markets focuses on Australiaa s financial system, while retaining the structure of the successful fifth edition. It examines the financial systema s three main functions a settlement, flow-of-funds and risk transfer a and provides a clear and comprehensive integrated account of the activities of Australiaa s financial institutions and markets, including the risks they face and the instruments they use. As well, the major capital and foreign exchange markets and the markets for derivatives (and their use as hedging instruments) are discussed. This new 6th edition covers recent financial innovations, such as high-frequency trading in the share market and APRAa s adoption of Basel II (and Basel III) a an explanation of how the RBA assesses the financial systema s stability. It also includes new a Industry Insightsa and a Practical Applicationsa that illustrate specific topics, such as the role of margin loans and short selling in the demise of ABC Learning. The main update for this new edition has been the development of a Lessons from the GFCa that are designed to complement the booka s explanations of a range of topics, such as the use of leverage, lending for housing, securitisation, the role of the inter-bank market, the pricing of risk in bond markets and the role of speculation in the market for Australian dollar.
Institutions and Economic Performance explores the question of why income per capita varies so greatly across countries. Even taking into account disparities in resources, including physical and human capital, large economic discrepancies remain across countries. Why are some societies but not others able to encourage investments in places, people, and productivity? The answer, the book argues, lies to a large extent in institutional differences across societies. Such institutions are wide-ranging and include formal constitutional arrangements, the role of economic and political elites, informal institutions that promote investment and knowledge transfer, and others. Two core themes run through the contributors’ essays. First, what constraints do institutions place on the power of the executive to prevent it from extorting the investments and effort of other people and institutions? Second, when are productive institutions self-enforcing? Institutions and Economic Performance is unique in its melding of economics, political science, history, and sociology to address its central question.
Publisher Description
The global financial markets are not just driven by the big investment houses and fund managers. Along with these, private banks, insurance houses, hedge funds, sovereign wealth funds and a range of boutique investment managers, regional institutions and brokers of different sizes and nationalities all operate and interact to form the bedrock of the global financial infrastructure. Because of this, it is essential that practitioners and observers of the markets fully understand the linkages, objectives and functions of these institutions, and the new and dynamic environment they are working in. Market Players provides a complete roadmap to the institutions and intermediaries operating in today's global financial landscape, illustrating what they are, how they work, how they interact and importantly, their motivation. It explains the core financial market business of these institutions and considers how they have become the firms that we see today, providing readers with a clear understanding of which market sectors are likely to see the most involvement from the different types of institution and, importantly, why they are involved in these market areas. Key features include: a series of case studies looking at examples of some of these institutions including an explanation of the EIB and the UK agency UKFI. They also look at the financial crisis and the impact on AIG and Northern Rock, two institutions that clearly illustrate what can go wrong and how the other market players have to step in when this happens. an international perspective looking at representative institutions from Europe, Asia and North America, showing global similarities and differences. a Post Financial Crisis perspective on the structure of international banks in today's markets. coverage of the major players on both the buy and sell side of the market Written in plain English, Market Players is an accessible and much needed guide to financial institutions, equipping readers with the knowledge to better understand how the global financial markets really work.