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The Committee on Educational Excellence and Testing Equity was created under the auspices of the National Research Council (NRC), and specifically under the oversight of the Board on Testing and Assessment (BOTA). The committee's charge is to explore the challenges that face U.S. schools as they work to achieve the related goals of academic excellence and equity for all students. This report provides not only the summary of a workshop held by the forum on the testing of English-language learners (students learning English as an additional language) in U.S. schools, but also a report on the committee's conclusions derived from that workshop and from subsequent deliberations.
Large Scale Testing of Students With Disabilities addresses three issues: accommodations, modifications, and reporting of outcomes. The purpose is not to present an exhaustive summary of the research in these areas but to focus attention on how the issues are considered and empirically validated. The research summarized in this issue should serve as a model for state departments to consider in adoption of policy, either as findings upon which to inform policy or as a method to adopt in generating findings themselves. The studies reflect critical methodologies that are either experimental in design or use extant data sets as well as present a theoretical framework in how to interpret empirical results.
A product of a statewide (California) survey of 104 school districts and 9 county educational agencies, the report focuses on promising practices for use with handicapped children of limited English proficiency (LEP). In Phase One, seven categories of promising practices or program attributes were identified:(1) first and second language development, (2) cultural considerations, (3) teacher competencies and staff development, (4) administrative interface and collaboration, (5) nonbiased assessment, (6) educational placement and programming, and (7) parent involvement. The area of promising practice most frequently identified by survey participants was nonbiased assessment. Major findings of the Phase Two survey of current educational practices included the proportional representation of LEP students in special education, frequent consideration of language problems in the assessment of LEP students, and a Spanish emphasis. The third phase involved compiling an annotated bibliography on the professional literature dealing with special education services for the culturally and/or linguistically different handicapped student. The 112 citations which make up the bulk of this publication are grouped according to the seven categories of promising practices. The final phase is an analysis and summary of findings for each of the seven categories. The need for the field to focus more on qualitative questions of program placement and educational delivery as well as on ways to more meaningfully involve parents is stressed. Appendices provide (1) a breakdown of the components of each of the promising practices categories, and (2) a set of forms describing promising practices of various school districts. Twelve pages of references are also provided. (DB)
This book is intended to facilitate the meaningful inclusion of students with disabilities in district and state assessments as required by the 1997 amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. First, an introductory chapter offers reasons for including students with disabilities in district and statewide accountability systems. Chapters 2 through 6 address the specifics of including children with disabilities, such as deciding how students participate in district and state tests, eligibility for assessment accommodations, how to decide which accommodations are appropriate for use in assessments, the characteristics of alternate assessments, and including English language learners with disabilities in assessments. Chapters 7 through 10 address using assessment results, how the Individualized Education Program (IEP) can be restructured to promote greater participation in the accountability system, teacher and service provider collaboration, gaining support from administrators, parent involvement in testing decisions, and the legalities of restructuring accountability systems that include all students. Extensive appendices include sample forms and worksheets for participation decision making, IEP development, assessment accommodations, and student feedback; checklists of criteria for deciding about participation, accommodations, and assessment type; a guide to staff development; and a list of Technical Assistance and Dissemination Networks. (Individual chapters identify additional resources.) (CR).
State Assessment Policy and Practice for English Language Learners presents three significant studies, each examining a different aspect of states' strategies for including English language learners in state assessments. *an Analysis of State Assessment Policies Regarding Accommodations for English Language Learners; *a Survey and Description of Test Translation Practices; and *an Examination of State Practices for Reporting Participation and Performance of English Language Learners in State Assessments. With the rise in population of English language learners and the subsequent stepped-up legislative focus on this student population over the past decade, states have been challenged to include English language learners in state assessment programs. Until now, the little data available on states' policies and practices for meeting this challenge has been embedded in various reports and professional journals and scattered across the Internet. This volume offers, for the first time, a focused examination of states' assessment policies and practices regarding English language learners. The three studies were supported by OELA, the U.S. Department of Education's Office of English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement, and Academic Achievement for Limited English Proficient Students. State Assessment Policy and Practice for English Language Learners is of interest to researchers and professionals involved with the assessment of English language learners; state- and district-level policy makers; and academics, teacher educators, and graduate students in a number of fields, including educational and psychological assessment, testing and measurement, bilingual education, English as a second language, and second language acquisition.
Teacher evaluation can be a valuable tool for evaluators and teachers alike. But it should never be used in a "one-size-fits-all" manner, especially when evaluating all teachers who work with the nation’s growing numbers of English learners (ELs) and students with disabilities. Just as these diverse students’ needs require nuanced teaching methods, the evaluations of all teachers who work with these students require unique considerations. Such considerations are precisely what you’ll learn in this comprehensive, action-oriented book. Drawing on a focused array of authoritative research on supporting the success of ELs and students with disabilities, case studies, and action plans, the authors detail Four principles for inclusive teacher evaluation of diverse learners that are compatible with the Danielson and Marzano frameworks Sample specialized "look-fors" that evaluators can use and adapt to recognize effective teaching of ELs and students with disabilities Strategies for coaching teachers of ELs and students with disabilities who need more support reaching these learners Teaching ELs and students with disabilities can be one of the most challenging experiences in an educator’s career, and also one of the most rewarding if educators have the tools they need. With this book, the first of its kind, your school can become a leader in the field by taking part in conversations that center on equitable teaching of diverse learners as well as valid evaluation of those who serve them in classrooms. "Staehr Fenner, Kozik, and Cooper provide a framework for rich instructional conversations that moves teacher evaluation from the blame game to a collaborative and informative process that empowers teaching effectiveness and student learning." —Spencer Salend, Emeritus Professor of Educational Studies State University of New York at New Paltz "In this book, the authors successfully outline an objective assessment framework that builds educators’ individual and collective capacity to improve their practice, not only with ELs but with all their students. A must-read for teachers and evaluators alike." —Rosa Aronson, Executive Director TESOL International Association
This book presents a framework and strategies, for all primary teachers in inclusive environments, to understand the general curriculum, design instruction that will allow ALL students to access and make progress in the general curriculum, design measures that can be used to assess the progress of disabled students within the general curriculum, and develop effective collaborative relationships between general and special education teachers. The challenge of making the general curriculum accessible for all students requires a new way of thinking and problem solving. Therefore this is not just a "how-to" book-it is a "how to think" book.
Assessing English Language Proficiency in U.S. K–12 Schools offers comprehensive background information about the generation of standards-based, English language proficiency (ELP) assessments used in U.S. K–12 school settings. The chapters in this book address a variety of key issues involved in the development and use of those assessments: defining an ELP construct driven by new academic content and ELP standards, using technology for K–12 ELP assessments, addressing the needs of various English learner (EL) students taking the assessments, connecting assessment with teaching and learning, and substantiating validity claims. Each chapter also contains suggestions for future research that will contribute to the next generation of K–12 ELP assessments and improve policies and practices in the use of the assessments. This book is intended to be a useful resource for researchers, graduate students, test developers, practitioners, and policymakers who are interested in learning more about large-scale, standards-based ELP assessments for K–12 EL students.
Because procedures are not in place in many schools and school districts to successfully determine academic placement of English language learners, many of these learners are placed inappropriately. Some who don't need special services (other than English as a second language) may find themselves in special education classes. Others who need special services may be placed in regular classes without the extra supports and services that they need. Working with English language learners and with students requiring special education services requires collaboration among teachers, school psychologists, speech pathologists, and assessment personnel with expertise in general, bilingual, and special education.
This edited book is intended to offer a practical guide for general, special, and bilingual/English as a second language educators working with English learners (ELs) with learning disabilities (LD) in the K-12 inclusive classroom. Authored by leading scholars with expertise in the fields of special and bilingual education, the book provides educators with a solid foundation of the growing demographics of ELs in our schools, an understanding of second language acquisition, and further knowledge of the referral, assessment, and identification process. A detailed discussion addresses cultural competence and the development of the individualized education program (IEP) and provides an overview of legal and instructional foundations for developing culturally and linguistically responsive (CLR) IEPs for diverse learners, with a specific focus on students with LD who are acquiring English as an additional language. Federal legislative mandates, required IEP components, and the significant role that families assume in quality IEP development is presented along with practical examples that demonstrate a strengths-based perspective for engaging colleagues and families in the development of CLR IEPs for ELs. The remaining chapters of the book provide content on the use of a multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) framework, effective instructional practices, and research-based language and literacy interventions. To assist with the implementation of these interventions, a variety of co-teaching models are provided. Finally, the authors suggest ways to better communicate with parents and/or families to enhance collaboration between home and school.