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In the ever-evolving political landscape, elections are crucial to democracy, shaping governance and stability. "Election" offers an in-depth look into the processes and systems that define electoral practices worldwide. This guide delivers key insights for students, professionals, and anyone keen on understanding the profound impact of elections on global politics. Chapter Overviews: 1. Election - Introductory overview of elections and their role in shaping politics. 2. Proportional Representation - How vote distribution mirrors electoral outcomes. 3. Voting - Examining historical and modern voting methods. 4. Primary Election - Candidate selection and its impact on political strategy. 5. Elections in Sweden - Key aspects of Sweden’s electoral system. 6. Disapproval Voting - Understanding disapproval voting’s influence on fairness. 7. Electoral System of Australia - Australia’s preferential voting method. 8. Non-Partisan Democracy - Benefits of reducing political polarization. 9. Canadian Electoral System - Federal and provincial election dynamics. 10. Elections in the United States - Complexity and challenges in U.S. elections. 11. Elections in Australia - Practical examples from Australia’s elections. 12. Elections in Egypt - Evolution of Egypt’s electoral system. 13. Elections in Cuba - Analysis of Cuba’s election process. 14. Elections in Lithuania - Unique features of Lithuania’s elections. 15. Elections in Pakistan - Electoral practices in Pakistan’s democracy. 16. Sortition - Exploring random selection as an alternative electoral method. 17. Direct Representation - Ensuring officials represent their constituents. 18. Electoral System - Comparing various global electoral systems. 19. 1975 Liberian General Election - Its impact on Liberia’s political development. 20. Outline of Democracy - Democratic principles in electoral systems. 21. 2022 Bahraini General Election - Insights into Bahrain’s recent election. "Election" is a critical resource for anyone interested in democracy's core functions. Its thorough analysis offers readers unmatched value and a clearer understanding of electoral systems. Unlock these complexities and elevate your political science knowledge with this essential guide.
Voters and Voting in Context investigates the role of context in affecting political opinion formation and voting behaviour. Building on a model of contextual effects on individual-level voter behaviour, the chapters of this volume explore contextual effects in Germany in the early twenty-first century. The volume draws upon manifold combinations of individual and contextual information gathered in the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) framework and employ advanced methods. In substantive terms, it investigates the impact of campaign communication on political learning, effects of media coverage on the perceived importance of political problems, and the role of electoral competition on candidate strategies and perceptions. It also examines the role of social and economic contexts as well as parties' policy stances in affecting electoral turnout. The volume explores the impact of social cues on candidate voting, effects of electoral arenas on vote functions, the role of media coverage on ideological voting, and effects of campaign communication on the timing of electoral decision-making. Voters and Voting in Context demonstrates the key role of the processes of communication and politicization in bringing about contextual effects. Context thus plays a nuanced role in voting behaviour. The contingency of contextual effects suggests that they will become an important topic in research on political behaviour and democratic politics.
Three unprecedented large-scale democratic experiments have recently taken place. Citizen assemblies on electoral reform were conducted in British Columbia, the Netherlands, and Ontario. Groups of randomly selected ordinary citizens were asked to independently design the next electoral system. In each case, the participants spent almost an entire year learning about electoral systems, consulting the public, deliberating, debating, and ultimately deciding what specific institution should be adopted. When Citizens Decide uses these unique cases to examine claims about citizens' capacity for democratic deliberation and active engagement in policy-making. It offers empirical insight into numerous debates and provides answers to a series of key questions: 1) Are ordinary citizens able to decide about a complex issue? Are their decisions reasonable? 2) Who takes part in such proceedings? Are they dominated by people dissatisfied by the status quo? 3) Do some citizens play a more prominent role than others? Are decisions driven by the most vocal or most informed members? 4) Did the participants decide by themselves? Were they influenced by staff, political parties, interest groups, or the public hearings? 5) Does participation in a deliberative process foster citizenship? Did participants become more trusting, tolerant, open-minded, civic-minded, interested in politics, and active in politics? 6) How do the other political actors react? Can the electorate accept policy proposals made by a group of ordinary citizens? The analyses rely upon various types of evidence about both the inner workings of the assemblies and the reactions toward them outside: multi-wave panel surveys of assembly members, content analysis of newspaper coverage, and public opinion survey data. The lessons drawn from this research are relevant to those interested in political participation, public opinion, deliberation, public policy, and democracy. Comparative Politics is a series for students, teachers, and researchers of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.essex.ac.uk/ecpr. The Comparative Politics Series is edited by Professor David M. Farrell, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin, Kenneth Carty, Professor of Political Science, University of British Columbia, and Professor Dirk Berg-Schlosser, Institute of Political Science, Philipps University, Marburg.
"The significance of this account should be clear. If, as economists frequently assert, proper diagnosis of the disease is a crucial prerequisite to treatment, then the design of appropriate democratic institutions depends critically on a coherent analysis of the way the electoral process works and the perversities to which it is prone. The claim is that the interest-based account incorrectly diagnoses the disease. Accordingly, this book ends with an account of the institutional protections that go with expressive voting."--BOOK JACKET.
This volume provides an important update to our current understanding of politics and the internet in a variety of new contexts, both geographically and institutionally. The subject of e-democracy has morphed over the years from speculative and optimistic accounts of a future heightened direct citizen involvement in political decision-making and an increasingly withered state apparatus, to more prosaic investigations of party and governmental website content and micro level analyses of voters’ online activities. Rather than levelling the communications and participation playing field, most studies concluded that existing patterns of bias and power distribution were being repeated online, with the one exception of a genuine change in the potential for protest and e-activism. Across all of these accounts, the question remains whether the internet is a levelling communication tool that elevates the profile of marginalised players in the political system, or whether it is a medium that simply reinforces existing power and participatory biases. While employing case studies from various global perspectives, this book investigates the role of digital media and competitive advantage, campaigns and the effect of social media, online communication as way of fomenting nonviolent revolutions and the undeniable and important role of the internet on democracy around the world.
Part 1. Local Party Organizations and the Electoral Landscape. Introduction -- Local Parties and their Leaders -- What Do Local Party Chairs Do? -- Chairs and Candidates: Recruiting and Support -- Local Parties and Election Outcomes -- Part 2. How Chairs View Candidates. Introduction to Part 2 -- Money, Commitment, and Community Ties -- Candidate Gender -- Candidate Race and Ethnicity -- Candidates' Policy Dispositions -- Small Power.
Diversity and dissent have been shown to improve decision-making in small groups. This understanding can be extended to the political arena and in turn it can enlighten ideas about policy-making. This book focuses on the relationship between electoral institutions and policy outcomes in order to effectively explore the impact of diversity and dissent on the political arena. In doing so, it provides an empirical assessment of three key areas: the diversity of political information. policy innovation. pandering. Drawing on economics, psychology, organization theory, and computer science, this innovative volume makes an important contribution to scholarship on the impact of electoral systems and the democratic nature of governments. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of governance, electoral systems, representation, comparative politics, public policy, democratic government and political theory.