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Documenting the first study of its kind to be conducted in the private-security and legal industries, this reference provides clarity on the current status of both industries in terms of the prevalence and incidence rates of HIV. Mitigating the impact of the AIDS epidemic on productivity, labor costs, and the supply of skills, this investigation also focuses upon the varied ways in which companies have responded to the challenges of the disease. The findings represent a first step in the continued monitoring and evaluation of the impacts of the epidemic in both sectors, and the recommendations offer a starting point for refining HIV/AIDS management strategies at a sector and company level.
Throughout history, communicable diseases have devastated armies and weakened the capacity of state institutions to perform core security functions. Today, the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa has prompted many of the affected countries to initiate policies aimed at addressing its impact on their armed forces, police, and prisons. This volume explores the dynamics of how the security sectors of selected African states have responded to the complex and multifaceted challenges of HIV/AIDS. Current and impending African HIV/AIDS policies address a range of security-related issues: - The role of peacekeepers in the spread or control of HIV - The dilemma of public health (the need to control HIV) versus human rights (protection against mandatory medical testing) needs - The gender dimensions of HIV in the armed forces - The impact of HIV on the police and prisons The chapters in HIV/AIDS and the Security Sector in Africa are written by African practitioners, including commissioned officers who are currently serving in the armed forces, medical officers and nurses working in the military, and African policy and academic experts. While the book does not comprehensively address all aspects of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the security sector, the contributors nonetheless highlight the potentials and limits of existing policies.
In the 10 years since the United Nations Security Council's first resolution on HIV/AIDS, the pandemic has had far-reaching implications for human security. In sub-Saharan Africa, the epicentre of the pandemic, the consequences have been borne disproportionately by women. Violent conflicts and insecurity throughout the region, characterised by population movements, forced migration and environmental crises, have overwhelmed the capacity of states to provide preventative measures against HIV/AIDS, care and treatment. In many areas, the related stress factors on health systems and basic service provision have pushed community and kinship networks beyond their breaking points. The plight of women is exacerbated because they are vulnerable and at high risk of HIV infection, due to increased care burdens within the household and community, sexual and gender-based violence and exploitation, as well as coercive interpersonal relationships. This volume is a welcome addition to the literature on HIV/AIDS and should serve as a useful tool for Aids activists, community health workers as well as for policy makers in the region
A joint publication of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the International Labour Organization (ILO), the World Health Organization and the Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS
This book does not seek to absolve the South African state of its responsibility to respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Moreover, it argues that although the state, the government, before, during, and after the transition to democracy, was aware of and acknowledged the threat - political, economic and social - posed by the epidemic, it nonetheless chose not to make the epidemic a priority policy issue. As a result, it argues that the South African HIV/AIDS case illustrates the tension inherent between a state’s ultimate sovereign responsibility to respond and its tactical dependence on external contributors to meet the demands of all of its constituents.