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This work presents Muslim beliefs about God's relationship to humans by drawing on relevant Islamic sources. In connection with the social and political history of Islam, the reader is introduced to the ideas and concepts of Islamic theologians.
For more than two decades the world religions have been a central topic forans Kung. In books which have inspired millions throughout human society, heas pioneered work towards a new dialogue between cultures. In thisxtraordinary comprehensive book, he gives an in-depth account of Islam.escribing paradigm shifts in its 1400-year history, outlining the variousurrents and surveying the positions of Islam on the urgent questions of theay, few present-day theologians could have written such a complete analysis.n a world where understanding of global politics requires a knowledge ofslam, this is a perfect place to start.
In recent months, much attention has been paid to Islam and the greater Muslim world. Some analysis has been openly hostile, while even more has been overly simplistic. Islam in Context goes behind the recent crisis to discuss the history of Islam, describe its basic structure and beliefs, explore the current division between Muslim moderates and extremists, and suggest a way forward. Authors Peter G. Riddell and Peter Cotterell draw from sources such as the Qur'an, early Christian chronicles of the Crusades, and contemporary Muslim and non-Muslim writings. They move beyond the stereotypes of Muhammad-both idealized and negative-and argue against the myth that relatively recent events in the Middle East are the only cause for the clash between Islam and the West. Riddell and Cotterell ask the non-Muslim world to attempt to understand Islam from the perspective of Muslims and to acknowledge past mistakes. At the same time, they challenge the Muslim world by suggesting that Islam stands today at a vital crossroads and only Muslims can forge the way forward. Islam in Context will appeal to all those who are interested in an alternative to the easily packaged descriptions of the relationship between Islam and the West.
Within the field of Islamic Studies, scientific research of Muslim theology is a comparatively young discipline. Much progress has been achieved over the past decades with respect both to discoveries of new materials and to scholarly approaches to the field. The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology provides a comprehensive and authoritative survey of the current state of the field. It provides a variegated picture of the state of the art and at the same time suggests new directions for future research. Part One covers the various strands of Islamic theology during the formative and early middle periods, rational as well as scripturalist. To demonstrate the continuous interaction among the various theological strands and its repercussions (during the formative and early middle period and beyond), Part Two offers a number of case studies. These focus on specific theological issues that have developed through the dilemmatic and often polemical interactions between the different theological schools and thinkers. Part Three covers Islamic theology during the later middle and early modern periods. One of the characteristics of this period is the growing amalgamation of theology with philosophy (Peripatetic and Illuminationist) and mysticism. Part Four addresses the impact of political and social developments on theology through a number of case studies: the famous mi?na instituted by al-Ma'mun (r. 189/813-218/833) as well as the mihna to which Ibn 'Aqil (d. 769/1367) was subjected; the religious policy of the Almohads; as well as the shifting interpretations throughout history (particularly during Mamluk and Ottoman times) of the relation between Ash'arism and Maturidism that were often motivated by political motives. Part Five considers Islamic theological thought from the end of the early modern and during the modern period.
Events are making clear to ever-widening circles of readers the need for something more than a superficial knowledge of non-European cultures. In particular, the blossoming into independence of numerous African states, many of which are largely Muslim or have a Muslim head of state, has made clear the growing political importance of the Islamic world, and, as a result, the desirability of extending and deepening the understanding and appreciation of this great segment of mankind. Islamic philosophy and theology are looked at together in a chronological framework in this volume. From a modern standpoint, this juxtaposition of the two disciplines is important for the understanding of both; but it should be realized at the outset that it is a reversal of the traditional Islamic procedure. Not merely were the disciplines different, but in the earlier centuries the exponents were two different sets of persons, trained in two different educational traditions, each with its own separate institutions. There was little personal contact between philosophers and theologians, and the influence of the two disciplines on one another was largely by way of polemics. Eventually while philosophy died out as a separate discipline in the Islamic world, many parts of it were incorporated in theology. This work is designed to give the educated reader something more than can be found in the usual popular books. The work undertakes to survey a special part of the field, and to show the present stage of scholarship. Where there is a clear picture this will be given; but where there are gaps, obscurities and differences of opinion, these will also be indicated. This work is brilliant in its design, style, and intimate understanding. It is a must read for specialists and policy makers alike. W. Montgomery Watt (1909-2006) was professor emeritus of Arabic and Islamic Studies at the University of Edinburgh. He is the author of numerous books, including Muslim-Christian Encounters: Perceptions and Misperceptions, Islam: A Short History, Muhammad's Mecca, and Islamic Surveys: The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe.
Combining the scholarly with the personal, this innovative introduction by an internationally renowned Islamicist gives the reader an insight into the history, traditions and beliefs of Islam. Taking his own spiritual journey as a starting point, Professor Ayoub explores all aspects of Islam; from the Qur'an and Islamic law to the epic poetry of the Sufis; from the spread of Islam worldwide to reform movements in the US and Europe.
Comprised of primary sources assembled from a broad chronological and geographic spectrum, Islamic Theological Themes is a comprehensive anthology of primary Islamic sacred texts in translation.Ê The volume includes rare and never before translated selections, all freshly situated and introduced with a view to opening doors into the larger world of Islamic life, belief, and culture.Ê From pre-theological material on the scriptural end of the spectrum, to the more practical material at the other, John Renard broadens our concepts of what counts as ÒIslamic theology,Ó situating Islamic theological literature within the context of the emerging sub-discipline of Relational/Comparative Theology. Divided into five parts, students and scholars will find this collection to be an indispensible tool.
This book is about an actual journey into the heart of the Islamic world, Saudi Arabia. It tells of the discoveries and revelations about the history of the Middle East, Islam, and Muslims. The book's main proposition is connecting the dots between the early Islamic State at the time of the prophet Muhammad and modern-day terrorism and radicalism.The author presents new findings about the true history of Islam. The findings are about the theology of Islam, the language of the Quran, the history of radical Islam, and the social life of Muslims. The book presents an unprecedented analysis of the Quran and an empirical study of the psychological effect of the language of the Quran; there is also a historical and a sociological approach to understand Islam that has never been attempted before. In addition, the book exposes the goals and plans of terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda, Boko Haram, Taliban, ISIL, Islamic Jihad, Hamas, and the Muslim Brotherhood and their followers who want to take over the world, spread Islamic Sharia law, and destroy human civilization. The book also explores the beauty of literature and how it can defeat Islamic radicalism, and how literature can be used to change the rigid mindset of some radicals. In addition, the book shows how peaceful Muslims become victims to those extremists and terrorists. The book also exonerates those moderate peaceful Muslims from any crimes committed by radicals and extremists. It is hoped that radical Muslims would show little humbleness and some humility after they know what their religion is about and learn the truth of the Quran. This book is a rational analysis of the past and present of the Middle East and Islam, the authenticity of the Quran, the life of Muslims under Sharia law, and the control of the clergy over the lives of Muslims, but it warns of the lurking danger of radical Islam that might jeopardize human civilization if it is not stopped immediately. The author of this book, Sami Benjamin, was born in Iraq in 1949. He was raised as a Muslim in a Baghdad neighborhood. He moved to the United Kingdom in 1985, escaping Saddam's regime. Currently, he works in a publishing company in London since 2012. The author lives with his wife in a London suburb. He has three children and six grand children. The author had the privilege of the friendship of Mr. Samir Amin Kumar Abdel Latif of the Indian Publishing House in India who helped the author publish this book. The publisher, Samir Amin Kumar Abdel Latif, is an Indian national and was born in 1954 in Hyderabad, India; he lives in India and continues to reveal the truth about the Quran.
Is there any sound historical evidence that the prophet of Islam actually existed, or is the entire story of Muhammad fable or fiction? It is a question that few have thought—or dared—to ask. Virtually everyone, Muslim and non-Muslim alike, takes for granted that the prophet of Islam lived as a prophet, as well as a political and military leader, in seventh-century Arabia. But this widely accepted story begins to crumble on close examination. In his blockbuster New York Times bestseller The Truth about Muhammad, historian and Islam expert Robert Spencer revealed the often shocking contents of Islamic teachings about Muhammad. Now, in this newly revised and expanded version of Did Muhammad Exist?, he lays bare those teachings’ surprisingly shaky historical foundations. This updated and enlarged version of this acclaimed book examines even more striking and compelling evidence that the story of Muhammad, who for so long was assumed to have lived in the “full light of history,” could be more myth and legend than historical fact. Spencer meticulously examines historical records and archaeological findings, pioneering new scholarship to reconstruct what we can know about Muhammad, the Qur’an, and the early days of Islam. The evidence he presents challenges the most fundamental assumptions about Islam’s origins.