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A new report published by the Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions is a minor variant on six similar reports published by the Friedman Foundation over the past three years. The new report repeats some of the errors in the previous reports, and it follows a parallel structure, arguing that the costs of dropping out are dramatic for the state of Ohio, and that last-chance charter schools for dropouts can increase graduation and address the dropout problem. However, the report's claims about graduates for the 23 illustrative schools are inconsistent with the data reported by the state of Ohio for the year chosen, resulting in a dramatic overstatement of the graduation rates at the charters. The report also largely ignores the existing research literature on the personal and social benefits of educational attainment, the achievements of charter schools, and the factors associated with either completing or dropping out of high school. Further, the report fails to compare the alleged benefits of last-chance charter schools with plausible alternatives. State policymakers interested in increasing graduation would be better served by seeking out the available, well-researched scholarship on the topic. (Contains 12 notes.).
The vast majority of kids in the developed world finish high school—but not in the United States. More than a million kids drop out every year, around 7,000 a day, and the numbers are rising. Dropping Out offers a comprehensive overview by one of the country’s leading experts, and provides answers to fundamental questions: Who drops out, and why? What happens to them when they do? How can we prevent at-risk kids from short-circuiting their futures? Students start disengaging long before they get to high school, and the consequences are severe—not just for individuals but for the larger society and economy. Dropouts never catch up with high school graduates on any measure. They are less likely to find work at all, and more likely to live in poverty, commit crimes, and suffer health problems. Even life expectancy for dropouts is shorter by seven years than for those who earn a diploma. Russell Rumberger advocates targeting the most vulnerable students as far back as the early elementary grades. And he levels sharp criticism at the conventional definition of success as readiness for college. He argues that high schools must offer all students what they need to succeed in the workplace and independent adult life. A more flexible and practical definition of achievement—one in which a high school education does not simply qualify you for more school—can make school make sense to young people. And maybe keep them there.
This study presents the public costs of high school dropouts in Wisconsin. It examines how dropouts in the state dramatically impact state finances through reduced tax revenues, increased Medicaid costs, and high incarceration rates. It also examines just how much high school dropouts cost Wisconsin's taxpayers each year, and how much could be saved through increasing the state's graduation rate. Though Wisconsin boasts one of the nation's highest graduation rates, there is still room for improvement. The achievement gap between races in the state is staggering, as 86 percent of white students earn high school diplomas while only 44 percent of African Americans and 48 percent of Hispanic students graduate. This cohort of dropouts costs Wisconsin hundreds of millions of dollars each year. (Contains 11 figures, 5 tables and 12 endnotes.) [This study was released jointly by the Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice and the John K. MacIver Institute for Public Policy.].
Every May, hundreds of thousands of Texas high school seniors don caps and gowns to celebrate an academic rite of passage: high school graduation. Texas' youth face a rapidly changing world, one increasingly dependent upon education as the cornerstone for economic success. Without the skills to succeed in the nation's new economy, students who leave without a diploma face a lifetime of limited opportunities and low earnings. The variety of ways that the dropout rate is calculated has generated controversy over the last several years, both in Texas and the United States. Using the most recent data available, this document provides an overview of how the dropout rate is measured in Texas, as well as data on who is dropping out and why. The costs and benefits of keeping dropouts in school are also examined. (Contains 52 endnotes.) [This report was produced by the Center for Public Policy Priorities.].
High school graduation and dropout rates have long been used as indicators of educational system productivity and effectiveness and of social and economic well being. While determining these rates may seem like a straightforward task, their calculation is in fact quite complicated. How does one count a student who leaves a regular high school but later completes a GED? How does one count a student who spends most of his/her high school years at one school and then transfers to another? If the student graduates, which school should receive credit? If the student drops out, which school should take responsibility? High School Dropout, Graduation, and Completion Rates addresses these issues and to examine (1) the strengths, limitations, accuracy, and utility of the available dropout and completion measures; (2) the state of the art with respect to longitudinal data systems; and (3) ways that dropout and completion rates can be used to improve policy and practice.
Research has documented a crisis in Texas high school graduation rates. Only 67 percent of Texas students graduate from high school, and some large urban districts have graduation rates of 50 percent or lower. This study documents the public costs of high school dropouts in Texas and examines how school choice could provide large public benefits by increasing graduation rates in Texas public schools. It calculates the annual cost of high school dropouts in Texas caused by reduced tax revenue, increased Medicaid costs and increased incarceration costs. It then examines how competition from private schools already raises public school graduation rates and calculates the dollar value of the public benefits that would follow from increasing Texas's public school graduation rates by enacting even a modest school choice program. (Contains 8 figures, 10 tables and 28 endnotes.) [This study was released jointly by the Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation, the National Center for Policy Analysis and the Hispanic Council for Reform and Educational Options.].
This study documents the public costs of high school dropouts in Indiana, and examines how school choice would provide large public benefits by increasing the graduation rate in Indiana public schools. It calculates the annual cost of high school dropouts in Indiana due to lower state income tax payments, increased reliance on Medicaid, and increased incarceration costs. It then examines how competition from higher private school enrollments currently raises public school graduation rates across Indiana's school districts, and calculates the dollar value of the public benefits that would follow from reducing Indiana's public school dropout rate by enacting even a modest school choice program. Key findings include: (1) Indiana spends about as much on dropouts each year after they leave school as it spent when they were in school; and (2) School choice improves public school graduation rates, producing millions in public savings. (Contains 6 figures, 7 tables, and 24 endnotes.).
North Carolina has a dropout crisis--only two thirds of North Carolina high school students graduate. One reason this crisis has not received the attention it deserves is because the state was reporting badly inflated graduation rates (supposedly as high as 97 percent) until it finally adopted a more realistic reporting method earlier this year. This study documents the public costs of high school dropouts in North Carolina and examines how school choice could provide large public benefits by increasing graduation rates in North Carolina public schools. It calculates the annual cost of high school dropouts in North Carolina caused by lower tax revenue, higher Medicaid costs and higher incarceration costs. It then examines how competition from private schools raises public school graduation rates, and calculates the dollar value of the savings to taxpayers that would follow from increasing North Carolina's public school graduation rates by enacting even a modest school choice program. (Contains 5 figures, 7 tables and 26 endnotes.) [This study was released jointly by the Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation and Parents for Educational Freedom in North Carolina.].