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Birches or Betula are among the most attractive and common trees in the landscape and in gardens. The Genus Betula is the first monograph published on this plant group, the species of which have been notoriously difficult to identify. Accounts are given of all known birches found in Europe, Asia and North America, both white and brown barked, and a key for their identification. An invaluable tool for arboriculturalists and professional and amateur gardeners, and will also appeal to lovers of botanical art.
The genus Betula, generally known as birch, belongs to the family Betulaceae. There are about 83 recognized species of Betula, all of which are essential ecological components of northern temperate and boreal woodlands in many parts of the world. The species of this genus have a good tolerance to freezing temperature and water deficit, as well as high sensitivity to UV-B exposure. The chemical composition of Betula pubescens Ehrh. and Betula pendula Roth. buds is assessed, providing data on their biological activities. Betula species show antiarthritic, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory activities, and the authors propose that it is important to consider the biopharmaceutical properties of the secondary metabolites for further development.
Below the soil surface, the rhizosphere is the dynamic interface among plant roots, soil microbes and fauna, and the soil itself, where biological as well as physico-chemical properties differ radically from those of bulk soil. The Rhizosphere is the first ecologically-focused book that explicitly establishes the links from extraordinarily small-scale processes in the rhizosphere to larger-scale belowground patterns and processes. This book includes chapters that emphasize the effects of rhizosphere biology on long-term soil development, agro-ecosystem management and responses of ecosystems to global change. Overall, the volume seeks to spur development of cross-scale links for understanding belowground function in varied natural and managed ecosystems. - First cross-scale ecologically-focused integration of information at the frontier of root, microbial, and soil faunal biology - Establishes the links from extraordinarily small-scale processes in the rhizosphere to larger-scale belowground patterns and processes - Includes valuable information on ecosystem response to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and enhanced global nitrogen deposition - Chapters written by a variety of experts, including soil scientists, microbial and soil faunal ecologists, and plant biologists
Detailed descriptions are provided for all recognised taxa and are accompanied by illustrations.
History, biology, evolution, conservation, cultivation, and classification of cypripediums, the most popular of the temperate orchids.
'frees contribute a major part of fuel, fodder and fruit, and are an im of bioenergy. They are now needed in large numbers more portant source than ever before for afforestation and social forestry, so that fast-grow ing and multipurpose trees assume great importance. After extensive in discriminate deforestation and rapid depletion of genetic stocks, efforts are now being made to evolve methods for clonal mass propagation of improved and elite trees. Production of short-duration trees with a rapid turnover of biomass, and induction of genetic variability through in vitro manipulation for the production of novel fruit and forest trees, which are high-yielding and resistant to pests and diseases, and trees which display increased photosynthetic efficiency are in demand. These objectives are well within the realm of horticultural and forest biotech nology. Some of the recent advances, such as the regeneration of com plete trees from isolated protoplasts, somatic hybridization, and the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in various tree species have opened new vistas for the genetic engineering of fruit and forest trees. This book is a continuation of the earlier volume Trees I, and presents 31 chapters on fruit, forest, nut and ornamental trees, such as avocado, pineapple, crabapple, quince, pistachio, walnut, hazelnut, date palm, oil palm, cacao, rubber, maple, sweet-gum, poplars, birches, Chinese tallow, willows, oaks, paper mulberry, rhododendrons, Scots pine, Calabrian pine, Douglas-fir, redwood, ginkgo, cycads and some flowering trees.
The most comprehensiveand authoritative accountof lavender. Describingsome 39 species, theirhybrids and cultivars, thisbook brings togethertheir taxonomy,distribution, history,cultivation, propagation,and an overview of theircommercial products,essential oils and chemistry. Lavishly illustrated withRHS Gold Medal award winning paintings bybotanical artists Christabel King, Georita Harriottand Joanna Langhorne. With 31 botanicalpaintings, 45 line drawings and many colourphotographs.