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Southeast Alaska's remaining virgin forests have few insect pests. The black-headed budworm and the hemlock sawfly, both western hemlock defoliators, are the most important species. They kill some trees, kill tops in others, and cause growth loss, but stands survive their attacks. Extensive conversion of virgin stands to second growth may result in an increase in pest problems as it has in similar areas such as coastal British Columbia. ‍?‍?Widespread use of insecticides to control major outbreaks is not practical because of risk of contaminating salmon-spawning and trout-rearing streams; but insecticide use may be justified in local, high value areas. Weather, diseases, and parasites control outbreaks naturally. Damage-prone stands should be identified and harvested before insect attack or salvage-logged following outbreaks. Ideally, second-growth stands should be managed for resistance to insect pests.
Large-scale use of the timber resource of southeast Alaska began in 1953 after long efforts to establish a timber industry. Development and present status of the industry and present management of the timber resource are summarized, stressing the biological basis for timber management activities in southeast Alaska today. Ecological and silvicultural considerations related to timber harvest, reforestation, and stand development are discussed. Published and unpublished information are brought together. Current management practices are discussed as a basis for a better understanding of how this information can be helpful in managing the timber resource and to point out where research is needed.