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This study analyzes the impact of regional cross-listing of stocks on the depth of the stock markets in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It analyzes data from 1990 to 2007 for a panel of 13 stock markets in SSA countries, only some of which have regional cross-listings. Using event study methodology, the paper finds significant positive effects in measures of stock market depth around regional cross-listing events. Overall, growth in the regional crosslisting of stocks facilitates stock market deepening, and the stock markets of countries with regional cross-listings perform better than those without. The study thus suggests that SSA countries can benefit from putting in place the necessary conditions for promoting regional cross-listings and thereby deepening their stock markets. These include sound legal and regulatory frameworks, macroeconomic and political stability, harmonization of listing rules, accounting laws and disclosure requirements across the region, and strong money markets.
In this paper an event-study is conducted to investigate whether, in keeping with a substantial part of the finance literature, the shares of Sub-Saharan African firms experience a significant positive valuation effect (abnormal returns), around the date of a cross-listing event. Based on a sample of 16 firms in three home markets and five host markets, and using traditional event-study methodologies, the findings are that the events are associated with negative - although insignificant - average abnormal returns. This study also explores whether (in an event-study context) a four-factor model that includes an illiquidity-factor, a size-factor, and both home- and host-market systematic risk factors can provide a better estimation of the normal stock return-generating process, and concludes that the multi-factor model is not a better predictor of returns than a traditional market model.Finally, the paper examines whether cross-listing events in Sub-Saharan Africa result in changes in the cost-of-equity and liquidity of home-market firms, and home- and host-market exchanges. Contrary to the expectations of cross-listing theory, there is little evidence of a decline in the cost-of-capital, or of an increase in the liquidity of cross-listing firms in Sub-Saharan Africa, or that of their home- and host-markets.
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, , course: LLM in International Trade, Investment and Business Law in Africa, language: English, abstract: It has been established that African stock markets are confronted with a multitude of problems which include, inadequate liquidity, low capitalisation, few market participants, a small number of listed companies and low trading volumes. As a result, their broader economic impact has so far been limited. The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) stock markets with the exception of South Africa are small, both in terms of the number of listed companies and market capitalisation, and they display considerable illiquidity. In general, the SADC region has shallow and underdeveloped financial markets. Their development has been hampered by a number of factors which include; political and economic uncertainty, fiscal dominance, weak judicial institutions, limited investment opportunities in the private sector, technological constraints, and the shortage of skilled personnel with expertise in banking and finance. It is contended that all these problems could be eased through regional financial integration. The integration of African stock markets and the introduction of regional stock exchanges will promote cross-border listings and thus stimulate increased liquidity across markets. Thus, it is suggested that the integration of SADC’s stock markets and the creation of a regional stock exchange is one of the panaceas to overcome Africa’s stock market problems. A regional stock exchange has the potential for tremendous benefits for both local and foreign investors, as well as for business enterprises in the region
This paper examines the economic importance of stock markets in Africa. It discusses policy options for promoting the development of the stock market in Africa. The results of the paper show that the stock markets have contributed to the financing of the growth of large corporations in certain African countries. An econometric investigation of the impact of stock markets on growth in selected African countries, however, finds inconclusive evidence even though stock market value traded seem to be positively and significantly associated with growth. African stock exchanges now face the challenge of integration and need better technical and institutional development to address the problem of low liquidity. Preconditions for successful regional approaches include the harmonization of legislations such as bankruptcy and accounting laws and a liberalized trade regime. Robust electronic trading systems and central depository systems will be important. Further domestic financial liberalization such as steps to improve the legal and accounting framework, private sector credit evaluation capabilities, and public sector regulatory oversight would also be beneficial.
As a classical empirical research study, the author investigated whether foreign investment into the U.S are hindered by SOX act, high compliance cost or high stock listing cost in NYSE and NASDAQ exchanges. This book is a practical and excellent resource for graduate academic research in business, showing how research methodology design and variables are operationalized. This book will benefit African firms and global investors listing shares overseas, including in U.S using Depositary Receipts (DRs). The increasing demand for Depositary Receipts is driven by the desire of individual and institutional investors to diversify their portfolios, reduce risk and invest internationally. While most investors recognize the benefits of global diversification, they also understand the challenges presented when investing directly in local trading markets. These obstacles can include inefficient trade settlements, uncertain custody services and costly currency conversions.
This book looks at contemporary issues facing financial markets in Southern Africa. It has been established that African stock markets are confronted with a multitude of problems which include inadequate liquidity, low capitalisation, few market participants, a small number of listed companies and low trading volumes. As a result, their broader economic impact has so far been limited. The Southern Africa Development Community (‘SADC’) stock markets, with the exception of South Africa, are small both in terms of the number of listed companies and market capitalisation, and they display considerable illiquidity. In general, the SADC region has shallow and underdeveloped financial markets. Their development has been hampered by a number of factors which include; political and economic uncertainty, fiscal dominance, weak judicial institutions, limited investment opportunities in the private sector, technological constraints, and the shortage of skilled personnel with expertise in banking and finance.
This paper examines the role of the derivatives market in South Africa and provides policy options for promoting the development of derivatives markets in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa's derivatives market has grown rapidly in recent years, supporting capital inflows and helping market participants to price, unbundle and transfer risk. There are tight regulations on asset allocations by insurance and pension funds to prevent excessive risk taking. The development of derivatives markets in sub-Saharan African countries could enable market participants to self-insure against volatile capital flows. Theiroverdependence on bank credit as a source of funding could be reduced and their management of seasonal risk could be improved through the introduction of commodity futures. However, these markets must be appropriately regulated and supervised. Since such markets would likely be small, consideration should be given to the establishment of a regional derivatives market.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 96/110, course: Principles of International Finance, language: English, abstract: This thesis project aims to test the hypothesis whether or not there exists enough empirical evidence to prove that companies from developed countries with well-functioning capital markets have seen deteriorating benefits from cross-listing in the United States. We find evidence that support our hypothesis in light of the significant number of European companies terminat-ing their U.S. cross-listings after requirements for deregistering listings from the U.S. became less stringent in the year 2007. The trend also continued with the number of cross-listings by companies from the developed world steadily declining during the subsequent five years. The most cited reasons for cross-listing in the United States, such as greater access to investors, liquidity, a higher valuation and thus a lower cost of capital seems not to hold as strongly anymore. At least not for companies that come from countries where its capital markets have experienced a steady development in corporate governance standards so as to match that of the United States. Evidence point to the fact that the benefits that held for all non U.S. firms still hold strongly only for those companies coming from emerging economies and whose equity market standards are still well below that of stock exchanges in the United States.