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Imagine taking a medication meant to heal you only to discover that the drug rotted your bones, made your teeth fall out, and filled you with a radioactive element called radium. Pittsburgh industrialist Eben Byers didn't have to imagine. It happened to him, and he died as a result. Mr. Byers fell victim to "patent medicines" sold in the early twentieth century. Patent medicine quackery and other medical tragedies prompted the United States government to form an agency that could protect patients and consumers from mislabeled or dangerous medicines, cosmetics, and foods. That agency is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Most drugs and medical treatments sold in North America today, including drugs used to treat psychological disorders, are regulated by this consumer protection agency. Many people diagnosed with depression, panic attacks, schizophrenia, ADHD, and other psychological disorders lead normal lives because they are treated with psychiatric drugs approved by the FDA. But what are psychiatric drugs? Where do they come from? How do they work? What does it take for the FDA to approve them? Why do we have the FDA? Perhaps most important, does FDA approval guarantee safety? Loaded with case studies and user-friendly illustrations, this readable text answers these and other questions as it examines a brief history of mental disorders and their treatment. In its pages, you will learn about the origins of the FDA, the FDA drug approval process, the structure and chemistry of the brain, psychiatric drugs and how they work, adverse reactions, and alternative treatments. Come learn about the drug approval process. Next time you reach into your medicine cabinet, you'll be glad you did.
Imagine taking a medication meant to heal you only to discover that the drug rotted your bones, made your teeth fall out, and filled you with a radioactive element called radium. Pittsburgh industrialist Eben Byers didn't have to imagine. It happened to him, and he died as a result.
The new edition of this popular handbook has been thoroughly updated to include the latest data concerning treatment of first-episode patients. Drawing from their experience, the authors discuss the presentation and assessment of the first psychotic episode and review the appropriate use of antipsychotic agents and psychosocial approaches in effective management.
Fluoxetine, best known by the trade name Prozac®, unlike other psychotropic drugs whose effects were serendipitously stumbled upon, was the first developed for a precise mechanism of action, that is, the ability to selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake, based upon the theory that increasing the availability of serotonin would treat major depression. Once approved by the FDA in 1987, fluoxetine quickly became the most prescribed psychotropic drug worldwide and its success in improving mood disorders has triggered the development of a large number of congener molecules, commonly known as SSRIs after their purported mechanism of action. However, a quarter of a century after its development, the idea that fluoxetine asserts its positive behavioral effect through inhibition of serotonergic reuptake is not firmly established. This book reviews several preclinical and clinical reports suggesting that the pharmacological effects of fluoxetine may be mediated by means other than the regulation of serotonin, including the regulation of gene expression, modifying epigenetic mechanisms as well as modifying microRNAs. One of the most prominent mechanisms for the therapeutic relevance of fluoxetine relates to influencing neuroplasticity by enhancing neurotropic factors, including BDNF signaling and altering adult neurogenesis. The ability of fluoxetine to rapidly increase neurosteroid levels accounts for the fast anxiolytic effects of this drug. Fluoxetine action at sigma-1 receptor or modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission as well as the combination of fluoxetine with other psychotropic drugs is discussed in relation to its therapeutic effects. While fluoxetine was primarily prescribed as an antidepressant, this drug currently represents a treatment of choice for a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and a range of anxiety disorders. This drug even possesses analgesic actions and is a valuable therapy for stroke. This book also highlights emerging evidence on the gender-specific effects of fluoxetine, its potential adverse features, including its addiction liability in combination with psychostimulants, and the impact of perinatal fluoxetine exposure.
When first published in 1999, Your Drug May Be Your Problem was ahead of its time. The only book to provide an uncensored description of the dangers involved in taking every kind of psychiatric medication, it was also the first and only book to explain how to safely stop taking them. In the time elapsed, there have been numerous studies suggesting or proving the dangers of some psychiatric medications and even the FDA now acknowledges the problems; more studies are under way to determine their long-term and withdrawal effects. In the meantime, this book continues to be ever relevant and helpful. Fully updated to include study results and new medications that have come to market, Your Drug May Be Your Problem will help countless readers exert control over their own psychiatric treatment.
This succinct handbook provides students and practitioners with clinically relevant psychotropic drug information. The Eighth Edition is designed as a reference text that also teaches by delivering informative narrative text under standard headlines with references. Its focus goes beyond drug information to cover pharmacotherapy applications. The book provides detailed, well-referenced, evidence-based information on a wide range of psychotropic drugs, including mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and antianxiety agents. This edition has new chapters on pediatric and geriatric psychopharmacotherapy; new content on antipsychotics, hypnotics, medications used in treating alcoholism and substance dependence, and electroconvulsive therapy; and new algorithms, appendices, and tables.
This book offers a comprehensive survey of the current state of knowledge in the field of neuro-psychopharmacology in childhood and adolescence. In the first part, the essentials of neuro-psychopharmacology are presented in order to provide a deeper understanding of the principles and particularities in the pharmacotherapy of children and adolescents. This part includes information on neurotransmitters and signal transduction pathways, molecular brain structures as targets for psychiatric drugs, characteristics of psychopharmacological therapy in children and adolescents, ontogenetic influences on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and pharmacotherapy in the outpatient setting. The part on classes of psychiatric medications, which covers antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and sedative-hypnotics, mood stabilizers, and psychostimulants and other drugs used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, provides sufficient background material to better understand how psychoactive drugs work, and why, when, and for whom they should be used. For each drug within a class, information on its mechanisms of action, clinical pharmacology, indications, dosages, and cognate issues are reviewed. In the third part, the disorder-specific and symptom-oriented medication is described and discerningly evaluated from a practical point of view, providing physicians with precise instructions on how to proceed. Psychiatric Drugs in Children and Adolescents includes numerous tables, figures and illustrations and offers a valuable reference work for child and adolescent psychiatrists and psychotherapists, pediatricians, general practitioners, psychologists, and nursing staff, as well as teachers.
Includes bibliography, glossary, and an extensive index which cross-references generic and trade names. New editions are available on a subscription basis.
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