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Three-Dimensional Microfabrication Using Two-Photon Polymerization, Second Edition offers a comprehensive guide to TPP microfabrication and a unified description of TPP microfabrication across disciplines. It offers in-depth discussion and analysis of all aspects of TPP, including the necessary background, pros and cons of TPP microfabrication, material selection, equipment, processes and characterization. Current and future applications are covered, along with case studies that illustrate the book's concepts. This new edition includes updated chapters on metrology, synthesis and the characterization of photoinitiators used in TPP, negative- and positive-tone photoresists, and nonlinear optical characterization of polymers. This is an important resource that will be useful for scientists involved in microfabrication, generation of micro- and nano-patterns and micromachining. Discusses the major types of nanomaterials used in the agriculture and forestry sectors, exploring how their properties make them effective for specific applications Explores the design, fabrication, characterization and applications of nanomaterials for new Agri-products Offers an overview of regulatory aspects regarding the use of nanomaterials for agriculture and forestry
This book shows an update in the field of micro/nano fabrications techniques of two and three dimensional structures as well as ultimate three dimensional characterization methods from the atom range to the micro scale. Several examples are presented showing their direct application in different technological fields such as microfluidics, photonics, biotechnology and aerospace engineering, between others. The effects of the microstructure and topography on the macroscopic properties of the studied materials are discussed, together with a detailed review of 3D imaging techniques.
Micromachining is used to fabricate three-dimensional microstructures and it is the foundation of a technology called Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). Bulk micromachining and surface micromachining are two major categories (among others) in this field. This book presents advances in micromachining technology. For this, we have gathered review articles related to various techniques and methods of micro/nano fabrications, like focused ion beams, laser ablation, and several other specialized techniques, from esteemed researchers and scientists around the world. Each chapter gives a complete description of a specific micromachining method, design, associate analytical works, experimental set-up, and the final fabricated devices, followed by many references related to this field of research available in other literature. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of this technology, the collection of articles presented here can be used by scientists and researchers in the disciplines of engineering, materials sciences, physics, and chemistry.
Flexible microwires fabricated from conducting polymers have a wide range of potential applications, including smart textiles that incorporate sensing, actuation, and data processing. The development of garments that integrate these functionalities over wide areas (i.e. the human body) requires the production of long, highly conductive, and mechanically robust fibers or microwires. This thesis describes the development of a microwire slicing instrument capable of producing conducting polymer wires with widths as small as a few micrometers and lengths ranging from tens of millimeters to meters. To ensure high conductivity and robustness, the wires are sliced from thin polypyrrole films electrodeposited onto a glassy carbon crucible. Extensive testing was conducted to determine the optimal cutting parameters for producing long, fine wires with cleanly cut edges. This versatile fabrication process has been used to produce free-standing microwires with cross-sections of 2 [micro]m x 3 [micro]m, 20 [micro]m x 20 [micro]m, and 100 [micro]m x 20 [micro]m with lengths of 15 mm, 460 mm, and 1,200 mm, respectively. An electrochemical dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to measure the static and dynamic tensile properties, the strain-resistance relationship, and the electrochemical actuation performance of the microwires. The measured gage factors ranged from 0.4 to 0.7 and are suitable for strain sensing applications. Strains and forces of up to 2.9% and 2.3 mN were recorded during electrochemical actuation in BMIMPF6 . These monofilament microwires may be spun into yarns or braided into 2- and 3- dimensional structures for use as actuators, sensors, micro antennas, and electrical interconnects in smart fabrics.
This edition of 'Micro Process Engineering' was originally published in the successful series 'Advanced Micro & Nanosystems'. Authors from leading industrial players and research institutions present a concise and didactical introduction to Micro Process Engineering, the combination of microtechnology and process engineering into a most promising and powerful tool for revolutionizing chemical processes and industrial mass production of bulk materials, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals and many other products. The book takes the readers from the fundamentals of engineering methods, transport processes, and fluid dynamics to device conception, simulation and modelling, control interfaces and issues of modularity and compatibility. Fabrication strategies and techniques are examined next, focused on the fabrication of suitable microcomponents from various materials such as metals, polymers, silicon, ceramics and glass. The book concludes with actual applications and operational aspects of micro process systems, giving broad coverage to industrial efforts in America, Europe and Asia as well as laboratory equipment and education.