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In July 1992, over 300 astronomers attended the Third Tetons Summer School on the subject of `The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies'. This book presents 28 papers based on invited review talks and a panel discussion on `The Nature of High Redshift Objects'. The major themes include: the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium, Galaxy Formation and Evolution, Cooling Flows, Quasars and Radiation Backgrounds, and Interactions between Galaxies/AGNs and their Environment. Recent advances with the ROSAT, COBE and Hubble Space Telescope are discussed, together with current theoretical developments. The tutorial nature of the papers make this book a valuable supplement for professional astonomers, graduate students, and senior undergraduates. As with previous Tetons conferences, this book provides both the current state of observational and theoretical research and material complementary to courses in extragalactic and interstellar astrophysics.
The publication of the morphology - density relation by Alan Dressler in 1980 brought into the limelight the role played by environment in the formation and evolution of galaxies. The symposium Environment and the Formation of Galaxies: 30 years later, was organised with the purpose of establishing the environmental impact on the evolution of galaxies and its dependence on look-back time. Special emphasis was placed on the physical mechanisms that are responsible for transforming galaxies once they are accreted by a group or a cluster, including the observable imprint left in the galaxy HI distribution. Other major topics of the symposium were the environmental dependence of galaxy properties at z ≥ 1 and the implementation of environmental effects in cosmological models of galaxy formation and evolution. This book presents the edited proceedings of this stimulating meeting.
A coherent introduction for researchers in astronomy, particle physics, and cosmology on the formation and evolution of galaxies.
The Universe, on extra-galactic scales, is composed of a vast network of structures dubbed the "cosmic web". One of the most fundamental discoveries about the evolution of galaxies is that their properties have a dependence on their location relative to this cosmic web (i.e., their environment). However, detailed studies of the environmental dependence on galaxy evolution have been extremely challenging due to the inherent complexity of the structures on the largest scales, a plethora of techniques being used to try to map the cosmic web, and other confounding factors, such as the masses of galaxies, that also affect their evolution. In this work, we will present a technique for characterizing the environments of galaxies in the cosmic web, which is comprised of two separate, but complementary, methods that together provide a more complete measure of environment. After some introductory background in Chapter 1, we will demonstrate these mapping techniques on the Coma Supercluster, and present an analysis of the star-formation activity of about 4,000 galaxies in the supercluster environment in Chapter 2. Next, in Chapter 3 we present a greatly expanded application of our mapping techniques encompassing about 60,000 galaxies within 200 Mpc that addresses several outstanding questions from the Coma Supercluster study, and also leads to new intriguing insights into the evolution of galaxies as a function of environment. Then, in Chapter 4 we present a pilot study focusing on galaxy evolution as traced by the gas content around two galaxy clusters. We also expand upon this pilot study in Chapter 5, whereupon we examine more closely the resiliency of molecular gas content, compared to the atomic gas, to the effects of the cluster environment. And finally, in Chapter 6 we present some concluding remarks and explore some promising avenues for future study.
Star-formation is one of the key processes that shape the current state and evolution of galaxies. This volume provides a comprehensive presentation of the different methods used to measure the intensity of recent or on-going star-forming activity in galaxies, discussing their advantages and complications in detail. It includes a thorough overview of the theoretical underpinnings of star-formation rate indicators, including topics such as stellar evolution and stellar spectra, the stellar initial mass function, and the physical conditions in the interstellar medium. The authors bring together in one place detailed and comparative discussions of traditional and new star-formation rate indicators, star-formation rate measurements in different spatial scales, and comparisons of star-formation rate indicators probing different stellar populations, along with the corresponding theoretical background. This is a useful reference for students and researchers working in the field of extragalactic astrophysics and studying star-formation in local and higher-redshift galaxies.
A comprehensive examination of nearly fourteen billion years of galaxy formation and evolution, from primordial gas to present-day galaxies.