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This study takes the "Wanderer," the word used by Goethe and Romantic poets, as a phenomenon many features of which require hitherto lacking explanations. A promising approach to this issue can be found by applying methods of textual analysis pioneered by Ferdinand de Saussure and the Russian Formalists
By exploring the symbolism of the wanderer motif, we can trace its path in German literature, first through the mind of Johann Wolfgang Goethe, specifically focusing on some of his poetry from early on in his career during the Sturm und Drang Period. We then travel to the Romantic Period, as we focus on works from Wilhelm Müller with the help of musical interpretations of Franz Schubert, and finally end the journey with Aus dem Leben eines Taugenichts, a novella by Joseph von Eichendorff in the late Romantic Period. The wanderer, as we will see, is not the aimless figure normally associated with it today, but rather one who is transformed through his journey. These writers each had a different purpose for using the motif, and each plays a part in making the wanderer a prominent figure during the Age of Goethe.
This book does not find its starting point in a theory but in the recognition that the word "Wanderer," and other forms based on the common root of the verbs to "wander" and "wandern," recur with conspicuous frequency in the writings of Goethe and English Romantic poets such as William Wordsworth and Lord Byron. A notable scholar, Professor L. A. Willoughby sought an explanation for this phenomnon in Carl G. Jung's theory of the unconscious but Willoughby's sole ambit of reference was what he termed "Goethe's poetry." This restriction could not allow the scope necessary for the study of the collective aspect of the mind's power and influence. This study poses the attempt to widen the survey of "wandering" to a comparison of texts found in a wide variety of authors including Milton, Shakespeare and William Blake.
Normally we consider only one context to establish the sense of a word to which a dictionary applies more than one definition. The reader of poetry can consider many more contexts, such as those supplied by his or her familiarity with other works by the same author and with literary tradition. The theoretical basis of this study resides in an analysis of Ferdinand de Saussure's distinction between "langue" and "parole" and approaches to textual criticism predicated on this distinction, which is most clearly evident in the theoretical studies of the Russian Formalists. On the firm basis of an understanding of the difference between poetry and nonliterary prose this study unravels the issues which surround the prominence of words derived from the verbs "wandern" and "to wander" in German nd English respectively in such celebrated poems as "Wandrers Nachtlied," "I wandered lonely as a cloud" and William Blake's "London.:
Six Studies about Wanderer motive, Shakespeare, Goethe etc. Spilt Theology- or Why Literary Critics Can't Help Making References to Wandering, In Principio Erat Verbum -A Review of Theories and Attitudes to the Word in Verse Followed by an Application of Findings to Readings of Literary and Poetic Texts, Special Characteristics of Words Derived from the Verbs to Wander and Wandern when Located in Literary Texts, Widespread Verbal Patterns in Relation to the Interplay of the Conscious and Unconscious Faculties of the Mind, Wandering through the Seasons with Shakespeare: "To Be or Not to Be?" Why is that the Question? Poetic Wandering in English and German Poetry with its Main Focus on: (A) the Poetry of Goethe (B) the English Romantic Poets, The Historical Groundswell that Culminated in the Goethezeit, Romanticism and the Full Emergence of the Wanderer in Literature, The Advent of "the Wanderer" in the Age of Goethe and Romanticism...
The Golden Goblet traces Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s poetry from the idealism of youth to the liberation of maturity. In contrast to his rococo contemporaries, Goethe’s poetry draws on the graceful simplicity of German folk rhythms to develop complex, transcendent themes. This robust selection, artfully translated by Zsuzsanna Ozsváth and Frederick Turner, explores transformation, revolution, and illumination in Goethe’s lush lyrical style that forever altered the course of German literature.
What role do coincidences play in human destiny, whether with regard to historical events or with strange connections between literature and real occurrences? The issue confronts writers too, whatever their outlook, persuasion or faith. It takes great skill to create characters who appear free to determine the course of their lives if the author has already determined their fate.