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Focuses on the effects of Nigeria's trade and exchange rate policies on agricultural incentives especially during the 1970s, the period of the oil boom. Attempts to determine the degree of protection granted to agriculture compared with other sectors, and assesses how these policies affected the allocation of resources both within agriculture and among the other sectors.
Research report, trade policy, exchange rate, agricultural policy, agricultural production, agriculture, Zaire since 1960 - economic policy, economic analysis, economic development, food import volume, food security, inflation, balance of payments, cash crop export volume, statistical analysis. Bibliography, graphs, statistical tables.
Covers the period from the early 1960s until 1987.
Extract: Since the 1930s Colombia's economic policy has been directed to reaching three goals; to maintain self-sufficiency in food, to substitute domestically produced manufactured goods for imports, and in the 1970s to correct an ailing balance of payments by promoting exports. This paper describes Colombia's chosen path of import substitution which reflects that of so many Third World countries. It traces the effect on agriculture of tariffs, severe import restrictions or prohibitions, an overvalued national currency (peso), and export subsidies. The time span of the report is divided into two periods, 1953-67, when import substitution was the primary aim of foreign trade policy, and 1967-78, when exports were encouraged to aid the trade balance.
This volume in the 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives' series focus on distortions to agricultural incentives from a global perspective.
Published in 1999, the book is the proceedings volume of the 23rd International Conference of Agricultural Economists, held in Sacramento, California, in August 1997. It continues the series of triennial IAAE conferences.
This study responds to some of Mozambique's basic development challenges and provides qualitative and quantitative insights for policymaking from an economywide perspective. The report highlights the importance of agricultural development showing agriculture's large sectoral multiplier effects and that applying scarce capital to agriculture is generally more effective than applying it to industry and services. A novel CGE model is developed and used in a series of analyses focused on the impact and design of economic policy. Issues addressed are aid dependency, biases in price incentives facing the agriculture sector, improvement in agricultural technology and marketing margins, risk-reducing behavior and gender roles in agricultural production, and food aid distribution. The study also provides a future perspective and analyzes the Mozambican economy using dynamic macroeconomic modeling techniques, demonstrating that sophisticated analytical tools can be of significant value, even in "data-poor" situations.
The policy relevant analysis of this volume examines nearly twenty years of Zimbabwe's macroeconomic and structural adjustment experiences since independence. Part One analyses the impact on economic growth, inflation, employment and labour markets. Part Two deals with financial liberalization, and the financial turmoil and currency crisis experienced in the wake of reforms. Part Three examines trade liberalization and its impact on investment and income distribution. Part Four gives sectoral perspectives on the agricultural, manufacturing and health sectors.