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The purpose of this research study was to investigate the effects of a School-Wide Positive Behavior Intervention Support Program on academic achievement, discipline, and attendance on 7th grade students. The data collected from this study identified a relationship between SWPBIS and increased academic achievement in reading language arts and attendance. The findings from this study will inform building level and district level educators of the implications of SWPBIS for students, which can foster raising academics and attendance.
ABSTRACT: There is a large body of literature that emphasize a safe and orderly environment as a building block for a successful school. The power of disciplinary systems and interventions put into action has positively impacted instruction and decreased the amount of overall disciplinary referrals and infractions students have received within a school. This study reports the effects of a School-Wide Positive Behavior Support system (SWPBS) on (a) the overall discipline and (b) student academic growth of 32 middle schools within ten, Tennessee school systems. The researcher collected disciplinary data and student achievement data before conducting independent t-tests and Pearson's correlations. Data indicated that a SWPBS did not have statistically significant effect on the overall amount of discipline or on academic growth. Leadership styles, approaches, and philosophies were explored as contributing factors when striving to lower the number of discipline referrals and increase academic achievement. The results suggest that though a SWPBS might impact the number of discipline infractions and/or increase academic growth, it may not be the most significant factor.
This study investigated the effect School-Wide Positive Behavior Support had on special education students. achievement and office discipline referrals. Sixty-nine special education students from eight elementary schools participated in this study. Thirty-four participants were in the group with School-Wide Positive Behavior Support, and 35 participants were in the group with no discipline program. The participants all had attended their schools for a minimum of two consecutive years. A quantitative causal comparative research method was utilized to compare the participants with School-Wide Positive Behavior Support to the participants with no School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Program. This study utilized two school years of archival data to obtain students. TCAP math and language achievement test scores. Several methods were utilized to obtain the office discipline referrals from the participating schools. The data was then analyzed and the nine null hypotheses were tested. A t- test was utilized for much of the data to compare the means and determine a means difference. Some of the data was not normally distributed and a non-parametric test also was utilized for three of the null hypotheses. The researcher in this study set the alpha level of significance at .05. After careful analysis of the data this study concluded that School-Wide Positive Behavior Support does not have a statistically significant effect on math and language achievement scores or office discipline referrals. The null hypotheses were retained. This study was conducted after a year of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support implementation. The literature review found that the longer the program is in effect the more probable it is for schools to see significant results. Also, the researcher found that if the alpha had been set at .10 a statistical significance would have been found, in terms of office discipline referrals. It is recommended that further research be conducted on the effects of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. If this study were replicated after the program has been in place for four years, the data analysis may find different outcomes. Utilizing an entire school population would give the researcher more information and might have different results also. Utilizing School-Wide Positive Behavior Support is aiding in meeting the discipline needs of schools across the country, and research on its effects should be continued.
The purpose of this single longitudinal case study was to evaluate the impact of PBIS as a viable alternative for an elementary school to improve behavior and academic outcomes for all students at the Tier 1 level. The foundation of Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (PBIS) and its practices is that social behaviors and academic achievement are connected. When students spend more time in behavior-related activities, it becomes more challenging to participate in activities related to learning academic content. PBIS is designed to reduce inappropriate behaviors and provide more time to improve student academic performance by establishing a positive behavioral environment. In this case study, data were collected through the examination of office discipline referrals (ODRs), suspensions, and state reading scores both before and after implementation of PBIS Tier 1. The data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively over a four year span (0, 1, 2, and 3 years). The results suggested the number of documented ODRs and suspensions decreased during Year 1 and Year 2 when compared to baseline Year 0. ODRs and out-of-school suspensions greatly increased during the fourth year, while in-school suspensions greatly decreased during the fourth year when compared to baseline Year 0. Extraneous variables were discussed as possible causes for the results reported in Year 3. When the case study analyzed the standardized reading test scores grades third through fifth results were mixed when compared to baseline and behavior data. The data collected suggested a measureable difference in students' academic reading achievement based on state reading score performance during the three years following the implementation of PBIS Tier 1. When compared to the increase in ODRs, the academic scores do not support the research finding. Qualitative data were also analyzed after using open-ended interview questions for a deeper understanding of staff members' perceptions of behavior management and discipline procedures used with the implementation of PBIS Tier1. Results indicated that implementing PBIS Tier 1 helped to produce positive changes in behavior and improved the decision-making abilities of students. Although the results affirmed that PBIS Tier 1 was effective in reducing behaviors and increasing reading scores, further study is recommended on how to improve sustainability in an elementary school setting. Results of this case study could also benefit administrators in this school district as they evaluate the effectiveness of PBIS Tier 1 and plan to implement further interventions or programs.
Educators remove over 3.45 million students from school annually for disciplinary reasons, despite strong evidence that school suspension policies are harmful to students. The research presented in this volume demonstrates that disciplinary policies and practices that schools control directly exacerbate today's profound inequities in educational opportunity and outcomes. Part I explores how suspensions flow along the lines of race, gender, and disability status. Part II examines potential remedies that show great promise, including a district-wide approach in Cleveland, Ohio, aimed at social and emotional learning strategies. Closing the School Discipline Gap is a call for action that focuses on an area in which public schools can and should make powerful improvements, in a relatively short period of time. Contributors include Robert Balfanz, Jamilia Blake, Dewey Cornell, Jeremy D. Finn, Thalia González, Anne Gregory, Daniel J. Losen, David M. Osher, Russell J. Skiba, Ivory A. Toldson “Closing the School Discipline Gap can make an enormous difference in reducing disciplinary exclusions across the country. This book not only exposes unsound practices and their disparate impact on the historically disadvantaged, but provides educators, policymakers, and community advocates with an array of remedies that are proven effective or hold great promise. Educators, communities, and students alike can benefit from the promising interventions and well-grounded recommendations.” —Linda Darling-Hammond, Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education, Stanford University “For over four decades school discipline policies and practices in too many places have pushed children out of school, especially children of color. Closing the School Discipline Gap shows that adults have the power—and responsibility—to change school climates to better meet the needs of children. This volume is a call to action for policymakers, educators, parents, and students.” —Marian Wright Edelman, president, Children’s Defense Fund
Disciplinary practices and protocols in schools have been a notable concern over the past 30 years. The traditional punitive punishment-based tactics have not proven to be effective in changing student behavior. Positive Behavior Intervention Supports (PBIS) is a proactive alternative that puts whole school systems in a place wherein students and teachers share in the responsibility of building a culture and climate of behaviors that produce positive outcomes. Research based on the implementation of PBIS in schools has concluded that problem behaviors decrease, students and staff feel safe, and attendance improves. There is a body of research that concludes that implementing such changes is effective in reducing office discipline referrals in major disciplinary actions and in creating a positive school climate. The current study examined the effectiveness of changing from reactive, punitive, zero-tolerance practices to proactive positive behavioral interventions. The research focused on the effects of PBIS on the percentage and number of office discipline referrals (ODRs) for African-American and special education students after the first year’s implementation of PBIS in a school district of approximately 6,000 students. The results indicate that ODRs decreased during the implementation of PBIS.
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the impact School-Wide Positive Behavior Intervention and Support (SWPBIS) had on the academic achievement and behavior of African American, special education, economically disadvantaged, and English Language Learner students in a high-performing high school. These subpopulation students often have lower rates of academic achievement and higher incidences of anti-social behaviors within educational settings. The data collected from this study indicate a relationship between SWPBIS and increased academic achievement and decreased incidences of anti-social behavior of students. The findings from this study will inform building level and district-level educators of the implications of SWPBIS for special groups of students in order to bolster their behaviors and academic achievement, thereby facilitating success for all.
The purpose of this quantitative, causal-comparative study was to determine the effect of School-Wide Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) on students’ academic success, specifically in reading and math. There is a growing problem with accountability on teachers to ensure their students’ success. However, one of the many barriers of ensuring this success is the behavioral aspects of the student. This study took a look at one particular framework, Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS), designed to help students overall academic success to determine if there is a relationship between the framework and student achievement data (Mississippi Academic Assessment Program) by conducting a Multivariance analysis of variance, or MANOVA. PBIS is a framework designed to meet the needs of students behaviorally, to enhance the overall academic success of students. This study took a look at five schools (both with and without full, school-wide PBIS implementation), 398 third grade students’ academic success of reading and math Mississippi Academic Assessment Program (MAAP) scale scores in the southern region of the state. Also, there were previous studies conducted to demonstrate the success rate of students in terms of discipline, not specifically targeting students’ academic success. This study found that there is a difference in academic scores of students who participated in PBIS than those that did not. However, recommendations for conducting this study in the future will include the researcher to include more regions of the entire state, conduct study post Covid-19, add additional grade levels, and separate the two content areas.
This correlational research study examined the effect of behavioral interventions through school-wide positive behavior interventions and supports (PBIS) on elementary student reading and math achievement in one Midwestern suburban elementary school among 71 students in grades first through fifth participating in PBIS Tier II interventions compared to 71 peers not participating in the intervention. Additionally, this study analyzed teacher perceptions of PBIS implementation and experiences with students participating in the Tier II behavior interventions. The research contributes to the literature by examining the effects of individualized interventions on academic achievement for students. The PBIS Tier II intervention of Check-In/Check-Out (CICO) was implemented by the school for students unable to consistently meet school-wide behavior expectations. Data from the Renaissance Learning STAR Reading and Math assessments and progress monitoring of student behaviors were gathered and analyzed. A teacher survey was distributed to building staff members to understand their perceptions of PBIS Tier II interventions and their experiences with students participating with the intervention. A Pearson correlation and two-sample t-test were used to analyze the possible relationship between the student participation in the PBIS Tier II behavior interventions and their reading and math academic achievement according to the students' scaled score gains on the STAR Reading and Math assessments. Through this study, no statistically significant differences were found between student participation in PBIS Tier II behavior interventions and academic achievement in reading and math. Consequently, these findings are discussed in terms of assisting schools implementing PBIS Tier II interventions to address reading and math academic challenges.
Primary text or supplement for graduate-level courses or seminars on applied behavior analysis, educational reform, and evidence-based curriculum and instruction. The nineteen chapters in this edited volume were developed from presentations given at The Ohio State University's Third Focus on Behavior Analysis in Education Conference. The contributing authors present literature reviews, conceptual analyses, and data from several original studies; they describe advancements in curricula, classroom and schoolwide interventions, and teacher training programs; and they offer personal perspectives on the current status and future directions of behavior analysis in education. This text is an ideal resource for three groups (1) educators seeking information and resources on measurably effective instructional tools; (2) students of behavior analysis wishing to learn about its applications, accomplishments, and future research needs in education; and (3) anyone-pre-service education major, in-service teacher, school administrator, parent, or consumer-who has heard about the "behavioral approach" and wonders what it is all about.