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This reference guide brings together a wide range of essential data on the effects of weather and UV light exposure on plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. In both normal and extreme environments, outdoor use has a variety of effects on different plastics and elastomers, including discoloring and brittleness. The data is supported by explanations of real-world engineering applications. The data tables in this book are supported by examples of real-world applications, enabling engineers and scientists to select the right materials for a given situation, across a wide range of sectors including construction, packaging, signage, consumer (e.g. toys, outdoor furniture), automotive and aerospace, defense, etc. The third edition includes new text chapters that provide the fundamental knowledge required to make best use of the data. Author Larry McKeen has also added detailed descriptions of the effect of weathering on the most common polymer classes such as polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, elastomers, fluoropolymers, biodegradable plastics, etc., making this book an invaluable design guide as well as an industry standard data source. - Essential data and practical guidance for engineers and scientists working with plastics in outdoor applications and products - New introductory chapters on weathering processes and the effect of light and heat on plastics - 25% new data
This handbook is an compilation that illustrates how the elements of weathering affect the properties and characteristics of 89 plastics and elastomers. It is comprised of diverse references, including conference proceedings, test laboratories, materials suppliers, monographs, and trade and technical journals. The information provided ranges from a general overview of the resistance of various plastics and elastomers to weathering (ultraviolet light, moisture, heat) to detailed discussions and test results. At the same time, an effort is made to provide information for many weathering tests and conditions (i.e. outdoor, outdoor accelerated, artificial accelerated, indoor, microbiologic attack, etc.) and material combinations. Results of weathering exposure for more than 80 families of plastics and elastomers are presented in textual, graphical and tabular formats.
This extensively updated, comprehensive databook was created for design and application engineers, scientists, and material producer technical support and research and development personnel. Important weathering characteristics and material properties of plastics and elastomers are presented in discussion, tabular and graphical sections. It provides a ready reference for comparing materials in the same family as well as materials in different families.Data are presented on 80 major plastic and elastomer materials, including biodegradable or organic polymers. New to this edition, the resin chapters each contain textual summary information including category, general description, and weathering properties detailing information of the material's susceptibility or immunity to weathering including discussion of test results. Extensive references are provided. The resin chapter material supplier trade name product data are presented in graphical and tabular format, with results normalized to SI units, retaining the familiar format of the 1st edition and allowing easy comparison between materials and test conditions.
This handbook is an compilation that illustrates how the elements of weathering affect the properties and characteristics of 89 plastics and elastomers. It is comprised of diverse references, including conference proceedings, test laboratories, materials suppliers, monographs, and trade and technical journals. The information provided ranges from a general overview of the resistance of various plastics and elastomers to weathering (ultraviolet light, moisture, heat) to detailed discussions and test results. At the same time, an effort is made to provide information for many weathering tests and conditions (i.e. outdoor, outdoor accelerated, artificial accelerated, indoor, microbiologic attack, etc.) and material combinations. Results of weathering exposure for more than 80 families of plastics and elastomers are presented in textual, graphical and tabular formats.
This book is an update to the first edition compiled and published in 1990 by William Woishnis. A lot has changed in the field since 1990 and a lot has not changed. There are new plastic materials. There has been a huge turnover in ownership of plastics producing companies. There has been a lot of consolidation, which of course means discontinued products. Thus, this update is much more extensive than the usual "next edition."It has been reorganized from a chemistry point of view. Plastics of similar polymer types are grouped into nine chapters. Each of these chapters includes an introduction with a brief explanation of the chemistry of the polymers used in the plastics.An extensive first chapter has been added as an introduction that summarizes the chemistry of making polymers, the formulation of plastics, testing and test methods, and plastic selection.Most plastic products and parts are expected to be used in environments other than room temperature and standard humidity conditions. Chapters 2-10 are a databank that serves as an evaluation of plastics as they are exposed to varying operating conditions at different temperatures, humidity, and other factors. Over 900 graphs for more than 45 generic families of plastics are contained in these chapters.Chapter 11 contains extensive mechanical and electrical data in tabular form. The tables contain data on several thousand plastics. Similarly, Chapter 12 contains thermal data on several thousand plastics. Data from the first edition have only been removed if those products were discontinued, and many products were. Product names and manufacturers have been updated. - Detailed introductions of plastics properties, testing procedures, and principles of plastics design - The only "databook" available on the effects of temperature and humidity conditions on plastics and elastomers - More than 1,000 graphs and tables allow for easy comparison between products - Covers more than 70 types of plastics, and summarizes the chemistry of each type
From content: Thermoplastics, Fluoropolymers, Ionomer, Polyphenylene, Oxide, Nylon, Polycarbonate, Polyester, Polyimide, Polyketone, Polyolefin, Polyphenylene Sulfide, Polystyrene, Polysulfone, Styrene Acrylonitrile Copolymer, Styrene Butadiene Copolymer, Vinyl Resin, Thermoplastic Blends / Alloys, Biodegradable Thermoplastic Alloys, Thermosets, Polyurethane, Thermoplastic Elastomers, Thermoset Elastomers or Rubbers.
Hollow Glass Microspheres for Plastics, Elastomers, and Adhesives Compounds brings together, for the first time, all of the practical and theoretical aspects of glass bubble manufacturing, including its properties, processing, and applications, as well as regulatory, environmental, and health and safety aspects. The book enables the reader to evaluate the applicability of glass bubbles to various applications involving polymers in thermoplastics, elastomers, liquid thermosets, and adhesives. It is an indispensible guide for material selection and improving sustainability of products. Related data sets and case studies complement the book, making it a reference book for plastics processors, product designers, and engineers working with plastics and elastomers, and anyone who wants to improve functionality and performance, make their products lighter, longer lasting, and stronger, all while reducing costs and material needs. - Provides best practices for plastics and rubber processing with glass bubbles - Synthesizes all of the practical and theoretical aspects of glass bubble manufacturing, including its properties, applications, and more - Describes different end-use applications and how glass bubbles influence various properties, including mechanical, structural, thermal, and optical properties in these applications - A one-stop reference book that also covers the regulatory and environmental aspects of this important additive
In spite of extensive efforts, material weathering testing still requires improvement. This book presents findings and opinions of experts in material degradation testing. The aim is to improve testing methods and procedures. Materials are presented to show that photochemical degradation rate depends on a combination of environmental factors such as UV radiation, temperature, humidity, rain, stress, and concentration of reactive pollutants. The potential effect of each parameter of degradation on data gathered is discussed based on known results from a long experience in testing. This book contains data obtained in laboratories of the largest manufacturers of UV stabilizers and chemical companies that manufacture durable materials. The book gives details of testing procedures and choice of parameters of exposure which are crucial for obtaining laboratory results correlating with environmental performance of materials.In addition to exposure conditions, the book contains many suggestions on sample preparation and post-exposure testing. The effective use of these methods shortens testing time of materials and determines acceleration rate of testing. The book also gives examples of complete, well-designed weathering experiments which may be used as patterns for selection of parameters and techniques for new studies. The areas of research that still require more attention in future studies are clearly indicated.
The Effect of Radiation on Properties of Polymers examines the effects of radiation on plastics and elastomers. Polymers are required in products or parts for a range of cutting-edge applications that are exposed to radiation, in areas such as space, medicine, and radiation processing. This book focuses on the effects of radiation exposure within that environment, providing in-depth data coverage organized by category of polymer. Aspects such as radiation impact on mechanical and thermal properties, including glass transition and heat deflection temperatures, are described, demonstrating how changes in these properties affect the performance of plastic or elastomer parts. The effect of radiation on electrical properties is also included. Supporting introductory chapters explain the key concepts of radiation, including the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of plastics and elastomers. This is a vital resource for plastics engineers, product designers, and R&D professionals, working on products or parts for radioactive environments, as well as engineers and scientists in the medical, nuclear, and radiation processing industries. The book also supports researchers and scientists in plastics engineering, polymer processing and properties, polymer and coatings chemistry, materials science, and radiation. - Brings together highly valuable data on the effect of radiation on the properties of polymers and elastomers - Enables the reader to compare properties and to select the best possible materials for specific applications - Supported by detailed explanations and analysis, ensuring that the reader understands how to interpret and utilize the data