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A dozen papers from a June 1992 symposium in Louisville, Kentucky review the current use of organic polymers dispersed in water and formulated to add to portland cement. One sets out the status of ASTM's forthcoming specification and test methods. Others discuss such aspects as solid grade acrylic c
Polymer-modified hydraulic cement mixtures (PMC) are widely used for a variety of applications. The literature to-date on PMC is considerable but little has been published examining the effect of variables within the polymer on the properties of PMC. The work described in this paper attempts to partially fill this void. The studied variables include polymercement ratio, latex particle size, glass transition temperatures, effect of carboxylation and pH value. Also the effect of wet and dry curing of PMC is examined. The theory of polymer-modification of hydraulic cement mixtures is discussed in light of these results.
Mortar and concrete made with portland cement has been a popular construction material in the world for the past 170 years or more. However, cement mortar and concrete have some disadvantages such as delayed hardening, low tensile strength, large drying shrinkage and low chemical resistance. To reduce these disadvantages, polymers have been utilized as an additive. Polymer-modified or polymer cement mortar (PCM) and concrete (PCC) are the materials which are made by partially replacing the cement hydrate binders of conventional cement mortar or concrete, with polymers. This book deals with the principles of polymer modification for cement composites, the process technology, properties and applications of the polymer-modified mortar and concrete, and special polymer-modified systems such as M DF cement, antiwashout underwater concrete, polymer-ferrocement, and artificial I wood. The polymeric admixtures or cement modifiers include latexes or emulsions, redispersible polymer powders, water-soluble polymers, liquid resins and monomers. This book describes the current knowledge and information of polymer-modified mortars and concretes, and discusses or reviews the following items in detail: 1. Principles of polymer modification for cement composites. 2. Process technology of polymer-modified mortars and concretes. 3. Properties of polymer-modified mortars and concretes. 4. Applications of polymer-modified mortars and concretes. 5. Special polymer-modified systems such as MDF cements, antiwashout underwater concretes, polymer-ferrocements, and artificial woods.
The increased role and development of admixtures in concrete technology is evidenced by a number of conferences, publications, and novel admixtures available in the market place. Admixtures are not as inert as may be presumed. They may chemically interact with the constituents of concrete and affect the properties of the fresh and hardened concrete and its durability.
This broad-based, introductory reference provides excellent discussions regarding the hydration of Portland cement, durability problems in concrete, mechanisms of concrete deterioration, and interaction of polymers in concrete. It also covers properties of concrete with added polymers and practical applications of polymers in concrete. The historic background of polymers in building materials is examined, and a comprehensive comparison of natural vs. synthetic polymers is provided and conveniently summarized in a tabular format.
This study evaluated the impact of polymer modification, without changing the base binder, on the intermediate- temperature cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures characterized using the Indirect Tensile Asphalt Cracking Test (IDEAL-CT) and the Illinois Flexibility Index Test (I-FIT). Twelve asphalt mixtures prepared with two mix designs and six virgin binders (including two unmodified and four polymer-modified asphalt binders per mix design) were evaluated. Each mixture was tested at three binder contents and two temperatures: 25°C and an equal stiffness temperature (T=G*). In almost all cases, the polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) and unmodified mixtures with the same base binder had statistically equivalent IDEAL-CT and I-FIT results, indicating a lack of sensitivity to polymer modification. Increasing the binder content or adjusting the test temperature to T=G* did not discriminate the PMA and unmodified mixtures in the two tests. Interaction diagram analysis of the IDEAL-CT and I-FIT results showed that polymer modification generally affected the toughness and post-peak behavior of the mixture, but these effects tended to offset each other on the final cracking index parameters. Unlike the IDEAL-CT and I-FIT, the two cyclic loading tests evaluated in the study demonstrated the benefits of polymer modification. This discrepancy highlighted the potential limitation of the monotonic loading tests in assessing the fatigue cracking resistance of PMA binders and mixtures. Finally, asphalt binders extracted from the PMA versus unmodified mixtures with the same base binder showed distinctly different rheological properties, but these differences were not captured in the IDEAL-CT or I-FIT when the test variability was considered.