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"For generations the great powers and their leaders struggled with the problems created by the weakness and slow disintegration of the Ottoman empire and with the rivalries among the states of Europe to which it gave rise; then strategic and economic factors - seen, for example, in the building of the Suez Canal and in the Baghdad Railway scheme -- combined with the growing nationalism of the small Balkan peoples and the development of Panslavism in Russia to complicate the picture. In a masterly clarification the author surveys the development over a period of a century and a half of one of the greatest issues, or series of issues, in international relations in Europe. This book is based on an extremely wide range of printed materials, including many in russian as well as in west European languages, and thus brings together in a convenient and coherent form a great deal of important information, much of which would otherwise be inaccessible. No work in English of comparable scope and purpose has appeared since the publication in 1917 of J. A. R. Marriot's The Eastern Question; An Historical Study in European Diplomacy. -- Publisher.
The 1830s saw a transformation in British attitudes towards the Ottoman Empire. This book focuses on the British concept of "improvement", which they claimed in return for supporting the Ottoman's, and reinterprets the career of the British ambassador, Lord Stratford de Radcliffe.
This revised and updated version of William Hale’s Turkish Foreign Policy 1774-2000 offers a comprehensive and analytical survey of Turkish foreign policy since the last quarter of the eighteenth century, when the Turks’ relations with the rest of the world entered their most critical phase. In recent years Turkey’s international role has changed and expanded dramatically, and the new edition revisits the chapters and topics covered in light of these changes. Drawing on newly available information and ideas, the author carefully alters the earlier historical narrative while preserving the clarity and accessibility of the original. Combining the long historical perspective with a detailed survey and analysis of the most recent developments, this book fills a clear gap in the literature on Turkey’s modern history. For readers with a broader interest in international history, it also offers a crucial example of how a medium sized power has acted in the international environment.
A History of Eastern Europe 1740-1918: Empires, Nations and Modernisation provides a comprehensive, authoritative account of the region during a troubled period that finished with the First World War. Ian Armour focuses on the three major themes that have defined Eastern Europe in the modern period - empire, nationhood and modernisation - whilst chronologically tracing the emergence of Eastern Europe as a distinct concept and place. Detailed coverage is given to the Habsburg, Ottoman, German and Russian Empires that struggled for dominance during this time. In this exciting new edition, Ian Armour incorporates findings from new research into the nature and origins of nationalism and the attempts of supranational states to generate dynastic loyalties as well as concepts of empire. Armour's insightful guide to early Eastern Europe considers the important figures and governments, analyses the significant events and discusses the socio-economic and cultural developments that are crucial to a rounded understanding of the region in that era. Features of this new edition include: * A fully updated and enlarged bibliography and notes * Eight useful maps * Updated content throughout the text A History of Eastern Europe 1740-1918 is the ideal textbook for students studying Eastern European history.
Covering 1816–2016, this book deals extensively with the international system as well as the territorial outcomes of several key wars that were waged during that time period, providing an instructive lesson in diplomatic history and international relations among global powers. Based on an in-depth review of the leading theories in the field of international relations, International Relations Theory of War explains an innovative theory on the international system, developed by the author, that he applies comprehensively to a large number of case studies. The book argues that there is a unipolar system that represents a kind of innovation relative to other systemic theories. It further posits that unipolar systems will be less stable than bipolar systems and more stable than multipolar systems, providing new insights relative to other theories that argue that unipolar systems are the most stable ones. The first chapter is devoted to explaining the manner of action of the two dependent variables—systemic international outcome and intra-systemic international outcome. The second chapter presents the international relations theory of war and its key assumptions. The third chapter precisely defines the distribution of power in the system. The fourth chapter examines the theory's two key phenomena. The fifth and last chapter presents the book's conclusions by examining the theoretical assumptions of the international relations theory of war.
A fundamental question for IR is whether the value system of liberalism can be universalized, or if, in fact, the illiberal reality of international politics systematically rules out such a universalisation. The book addresses this issue by focusing on the rise and fall of a specific liberal project supported by influential German intellectuals.