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Excerpt from The Doctrine of the Transcendent Use of the Principle of Causality in Kant, Herbart and Lotze: A Dissertation to Obtain the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leipzig Our definite topic is conveyed in the words: The Doctrine of the Transcendent Use of the Principle of Causality in Kant, Herbart and Lotze. The language is from Kant, and is used in the Kantian sense. We are the recipients of sensations and perceptions which con stitute a world of experience within ourselves. All philosophers admit, for some reason satisfactory to themselves, that within this world of experience the principle of causality finds a proper application. But our sensations are not themselves the things which may be supposed to lie at their base as their cause, and the question arises whether we can pass out over the boundaries of this experimental world, and affirm anything by help of our principle of a world beyond. If so, this would be to make a transcendent use of the principle (pure Reason p. It is proposed, then, to examine the systems of these philosophers so far as may be necessary to give a clear view of their opinions upon this subject. We shall ask What they teach, endeavor to find the reasons which they give for their doctrine, compare their views with one another, and endeavor to estimate the positive results gained for philosophical science by the combined labors of the three. In this investigation our attention will be particularly directed to their views in reference to the two topics suggested above, the Ding an sick, to make use of Kant's term or the external cause of our sensations, and God. These will suffice to illustrate the doctrine of the three writers, and afi'ord sufficient materials for criticism. But under the former head one department, that of the soul considered in itself, will be for the most part excluded, as affording nothing for our purpose not gained from the consideration of the material world, and as leading us into too prolonged discussion for our present limits. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Do our lives have purpose? Despite the rise of secularism, we are still confronted by a sense of meaning and direction in the events of history and our own lives - something which is beyond us and not our own creation/imagination. Using the novels of Thomas Hardy and Julian Barnes, Vernon White tracks this belief in intellectual history and tests its resilience in modern literature. Both novelists portray modern and late-modern scenarios where, although the idea of an objective purpose has been deconstructed, it still haunts the protagonists. Using literature as the starting point, the discussion moves on to an exploration of this belief in its theological form, through the doctrine of providence. White critically reviews the classic canon of providence and its pressure points - the problems in divine causality, the metaphysical assumptions required in its acceptance, and the contradictions to be found between God's purpose and the metanarratives of history. Using Barth and Frei, White suggests new ways of re-imagining divine providence to take account of these issues. The credibility of this re-defined providence is then tested against scripture, experience and praxis, with the result being an understanding of providence that does not rely on empirical progress.
First published in 2003. This is volume II in the history of Russian philosophy, written in 1953, it takes in the work of Vladimir Solovyov, V.D. Kudryatsev, Nesmelov, Tareyev, M.I. Karinski, Fyodorov, as well as the twentieth century moves into Materialism, Neo-Marxism and the Religio-philosophic renaissance and finally the metaphysics of total-unity.
Kant's influence on the history of philosophy is vast and protean. The transcendental turn denotes one of its most important forms, defined by the notion that Kant's deepest insight should not be identified with any specific epistemological or metaphysical doctrine, but rather concerns the fundamental standpoint and terms of reference of philosophical enquiry. To take the transcendental turn is not to endorse any of Kant's specific teachings, but to accept that the Copernican revolution announced in the Preface of the Critique of Pure Reason sets philosophy on a new footing and constitutes the proper starting point of philosophical reflection. The aim of this volume is to map the historical trajectory of transcendental philosophy and the major forms that it has taken. The contributions, from leading contemporary scholars, focus on the question of what the transcendental turn consists in—its motivation, justification, and implications; and the limitations and problems which it arguably confronts—with reference to the relevant major figures in modern philosophy, including Kant, Fichte, Hegel, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, and Wittgenstein. Central themes and topics discussed include the distinction of realism from idealism, the relation of transcendental to absolute idealism, the question of how transcendental conclusions stand in relation to (and whether they can be made compatible with) naturalism, the application of transcendental thought to foundational issues in ethics, and the problematic relation of phenomenology to transcendental enquiry.