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First published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The book offers a comprehensive study of the different forms of subject-verb and subject-auxiliary-inversion in Modern English declarative sentences. It treats inversion as a speaker-based decision for reordering within a fairly rigid word order system and identifies the meaning of the construction in terms of point of view and speaker subjectivity. This semantic claim is tested against the occurrence, as well as the absence, of the different forms of inversion in natural discourse. The analysis of the pragmatics and discourse function of inversion is based on the LOB and the Brown corpus and takes into account various textual relations: British and American English, written mode, style, text type, genre. The results suggest a strong affinity with the greater or lesser subjectivity of a text: the construction is a marker of interpersonal meaning. Provided the context is one of relative unexpectedness, it additionally becomes a discourse marker, which points to the limited value of quantitative corpus data in functional syntax.
First published in 1997. This dissertation presents a discourse-functional account of English inversion, based on an empirical study of natural language data. The central finding is that inversion is subject to a pragmatic constraint on the information status of its constituents; specifically, the information represented by the preposed constituent must be at least as familiar within the discourse as is that represented by the postposed constituent.
The book provides an account of English inversion, a construction that displays perplexing idiosyncrasies at the level of semantics, phonology, syntax, and pragmatics. Basing his central argument on the claim that inversion is a linguistic representation of a Ground-before-Figure model, the author develops an elegant solution to a hitherto unsolved multidimensional linguistic puzzle and, in the process, supports the theoretical position that a cognitive approach best suits the multidimensionality of language itself. Engagingly written, the book will appeal to linguists of all persuasions and to any reader curious about the relationship between language and cognition.
Ce numéro, réservé à un fait de langue plutôt qu'à une école théorique, s'adresse en priorité à tous ceux - étudiants de master ou de concours, chercheurs débutants ou confirmés - qui sont intéressés par la question de l'ordre des mots et de l'inversion du sujet (V-S ou LOC-V-S ou ADJ-V-S) dans la phrase assertive. Le but des responsables du volume (Christine Copy & Lucie Gournay) a été de regrouper dans un même recueil des articles ou des synthèses relevant d'approches différentes sur un phénomène qui est largement débattu en ce moment par un bon nombre de linguistes, en particulier par les linguistes énonciativistes. Au-delà des clivages théoriques, ou de la variété des disciplines, il a semblé pertinent de regrouper sous une même couverture les problématiques et les hypothèses formulées par les spécialistes de la question. En effet, toutes les contributions proviennent de chercheurs qui ont déjà travaillé sur des problèmes d'agencement de phrases. De plus, dans chaque contribution, il est fait mention des acquis des approches " adverses "... et l'on se rend compte que la confrontation va de pair avec une certaine complémentarité. Ainsi cet ouvrage a une double ambition : concerner tous ceux qui travaillent sur l'ordre des mots en français et en anglais, apporter une contribution non négligeable à la comparaison des idées en linguistique.
Users of natural languages have many word orders with which to encode the same truth-conditional meaning. They choose contextually appropriate strings from these many ways with little conscious effort and with effective communicative results. Previous computational models of when English speakers produce non-canonical word orders, like topicalization, left-dislocation and clefts, fail. The primary goal of this book is to present a better model of when speakers choose to produce certain non-canonical word orders by incorporating the effects of discourse context and speaker goals on syntactic choice. This book makes extensive use of previously unexamined naturally occurring corpus data of non-canonical word order in English, both to illustrate the points of the theoretical model and to train the statistical model.
This volume examines unresolved issues in iconicity and naturalness in language. The studies discuss topics such as naturalism in the philosophy of language and the epistemology of linguistics, linguistic iconicity in semiotics, iconic structures in Sign Languages, natural and unnatural sound patterns, the iconic nature of parts of speech, the relation between (un)markedness and naturalness, and lexical and syntactic iconicity.