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Chapters in this book review the remarkable advances in the field of zinc biology over the last decade. Zinc is essential for life, in particular for growth and development, through its role in hundreds of zinc enzymes and thousands of zinc proteins. Its catalytic, structural, and regulatory functions in these proteins impact metabolism, gene expression, and signal transduction, including neurotransmission. Among the micronutrients, zinc may rank with iron as to its importance for public health. The topics covered range from single molecules to cells and to whole organisms: the chemistry, design, and application of fluorophores for the determination of cellular zinc; the role of zinc in proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cells; proteins that transport, sense, and distribute zinc and together form a cellular homeostatic system; the coordination chemistry of zinc in metalloproteins; the role of zinc in the brain as a neuromodulator/transmitter; the dependence of the immune system on zinc; zinc homeostasis in the whole human body.
This book commemorates the 25th anniversary of the International Izatt-Christensen Award in Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry. The award, one of the most prestigious of small awards in chemistry, recognizes excellence in the developing field of macrocyclic and supramolecular chemistry Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry: How Izatt-Christensen Award Winners Shaped the Field features chapters written by the award recipients who provide unique perspectives on the spectacular growth in these expanding and vibrant fields of chemistry over the past half century, and on the role of these awardees in shaping this growth. During this time there has been an upsurge of interest in the design, synthesis and characterization of increasingly more complex macrocyclic ligands and in the application of this knowledge to understanding molecular recognition processes in host-guest chemistry in ways that were scarcely envisioned decades earlier. In October 2016, Professor Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Sir J. Fraser Stoddart (author for chapter 22 "Contractile and Extensile Molecular Systems: Towards Molecular Muscles" by Jean -Pierre Sauvage, Vincent Duplan, and Frédéric Niess and 20 "Serendipity" by Paul R. McGonigal and J. Fraser Stoddart respectively) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry alongside fellow Wiley author Bernard Feringa, for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.
Metal ions play key roles in biology. Many are essential for catalysis, for electron transfer and for the fixation, sensing, and metabolism of gases. Others compete with those essential metal ions or have toxic or pharmacological effects. This book is structured around the periodic table and focuses on the control of metal ions in cells. It addresses the molecular aspects of binding, transport and storage that ensure balanced levels of the essential elements. Organisms have also developed mechanisms to deal with the non-essential metal ions. However, through new uses and manufacturing processes, organisms are increasingly exposed to changing levels of both essential and non-essential ions in new chemical forms. They may not have developed defenses against some of these forms (such as nanoparticles). Many diseases such as cancer, diabetes and neurodegeneration are associated with metal ion imbalance. There may be a deficiency of the essential metals, overload of either essential or non-essential metals or perturbation of the overall natural balance. This book is the first to comprehensively survey the molecular nature of the overall natural balance of metal ions in nutrition, toxicology and pharmacology. It is written as an introduction to research for students and researchers in academia and industry and begins with a chapter by Professor R J P Williams FRS.
Functional Fluorescent Materials: Applications in Sensing, Bioimaging, and Optoelectronics explains functional molecular probes (organic/inorganic materials, polymers, nanomaterials), with a focus on those that represent spectroscopic properties with detection of different analytes and specific roles in molecular recognition and their applications. It broadly covers molecular recognition to applications of fluorescence reporters, starting from optoelectronic properties of materials, detection of heavy metals, through biological macromolecules, and further to a living cell, tissue imaging, and theranostics. Features: • Covers different aspects of fluorescence spectroscopy ranging from chemical, physical, and biological aspects along with optoelectronic properties, mechanisms, and applications. • Describes all types of chemical and functionalized fluorescent nanomaterials. • Provides additional information on different kinds of fluorescence reporters. • Explains the concept of fluorescence spectroscopy and its role in human health care. • Discusses changes in static and dynamic properties of fluorescent probes and molecular recognitions. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in materials, chemical engineering, and engineering physics.
Over the last decade, fluorescence has become the dominant tool in biotechnology and medical imaging. These exciting advances have been underpinned by the advances in time-resolved techniques and instrumentation, probe design, chemical / biochemical sensing, coupled with our furthered knowledge in biology. Complementary volumes 9 and 10, Advanced Concepts of Fluorescence Sensing: Small Molecule Sensing and Advanced Concepts of Fluorescence Sensing: Macromolecular Sensing, aim to summarize the current state of the art in fluorescent sensing. For this reason, Drs. Geddes and Lakowicz have invited chapters, encompassing a broad range of fluorescence sensing techniques. Some chapters deal with small molecule sensors, such as for anions, cations, and CO2, while others summarize recent advances in protein-based and macromolecular sensors. The Editors have, however, not included DNA or RNA based sensing in this volume, as this were reviewed in Volume 7 and is to be the subject of a more detailed volume in the near future.
Green Imprinted Materials provides a comprehensive overview of green aspects to MIPs. With a strong focus on food and environment, this book provides insights into the state-of-the-art and practice of green chemistry and its approaches to imprinting. Methodologies for the preparation of these materials, as well as their potential in developing sustainable separation and sensing processes in analytical and bioanalytical chemistry are critically discussed throughout the book. Future perspectives of green imprinting technology is also evaluated. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in molecular imprinting science and technology and those interested in green chemistry and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge in the allied field. - Explores innovative strategies to materials science, molecular imprinting technology, polymer chemistry and green chemistry, as well as their applications for environmental, biological and food samples - Presents a plethora of novel and advantageous materials which have gathered the most pronounced attention over recent years - Provides state-of-the-art technologies and applications in MIP's and green chemistry
X-Ray fluorescence analysis is an established technique for non-destructive elemental materials analysis. This book gives a user-oriented practical guidance to the application of this method. The book gives a survey of the theoretical fundamentals, analytical instrumentation, software for data processing, various excitation regimes including gracing incidents and microfocus measurements, quantitative analysis, applications in routine and micro analysis, mineralogy, biology, medicine, criminal investigations, archeology, metallurgy, abrasion, microelectronics, environmental air and water analysis. This book is the bible of X-Ray fluorescence analysis. It gives the basic knowledge on this technique, information on analytical equipment and guides the reader to the various applications. It appeals to researchers, analytically active engineers and advanced students.
There have been various comprehensive and stand-alone text books on the introduction to Molecular Photochemistry which provide crystal clear concepts on fundamental issues. This book entitled "Molecular Photochemistry - Various Aspects" presents various advanced topics that inherently utilizes those core concepts/techniques to various advanced fields of photochemistry and are generally not available. The purpose of publication of this book is actually an effort to bring many such important topics clubbed together. The goal of this book is to familiarize both research scholars and post graduate students with recent advancement in various fields related to Photochemistry. The book is broadly divided in five parts: the photochemistry I) in solution, II) of metal oxides, III) in biology, IV) the computational aspects and V) applications. Each part provides unique aspect of photochemistry. These exciting chapters clearly indicate that the future of photochemistry like in any other burgeoning field is more exciting than the past.