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This unique collaboration by academic historians, Oneida elders, and Episcopal clergy tells the fascinating story of how the oldest Protestant mission and house of worship in the upper Midwest took root in the Oneida community. Personal bonds that developed between the Episcopal clergy and the Wisconsin Oneidas proved more important than theology in allowing the community to accept the Christian message brought by outsiders. Episcopal bishops and missionaries in Wisconsin were at times defenders of the Oneidas against outside whites attempting to get at their lands and resources. At other times, these clergy initiated projects that the Oneidas saw as beneficial—a school, a hospital, or a lace-making program for Oneida women that provided a source of income and national recognition for their artistry. The clergy incorporated the Episcopal faith into an Iroquoian cultural and religious framework—the Condolence Council ritual—that had a longstanding history among the Six Nations. In turn, the Oneidas modified the very form of the Episcopal faith by using their own language in the Gloria in Excelsis and the Te Deum as well as by employing Oneida in their singing of Christian hymns. Christianity continues to have real meaning for many American Indians. The Wisconsin Oneidas and the Episcopal Church testifies to the power and legacy of that relationship.
For the first time, the Oneidas of Wisconsin tell their own story in this richly diverse, authoritative contemporary history. A Nation within a Nation gathers first-person accounts, biographical essays, and scholars’ investigations in a sweeping and provocative consideration of the period of 1900-1969.
Contemporary scholarship and Indian oral tradition come together in this unique account of the history and culture of the Oneida Iroquois—particularly the Wisconsin Oneidas—who have not been the subject of the intense scholarly attention accorded other Iroquois groups. Contributors include Oneida educators, community leaders, historians, anthropologists, and linguists; essays vary from accounts of personal experience and oral history to presentations of academic research. The common denominator is the Oneida experience of cultural change and survival. Part I focuses on the history and adaptations of the Oneidas in their New York homeland. Part II describes the motives and methods used by New York State officials in divesting the Oneidas of their New York home and explores the aftereffects of the Indians' removal to Wisconsin and the legal implications of allotment legislation on American Indians' tribal jurisdiction today. Nineteenth-century attempts by whites to take the Oneidas' Wisconsin land base forced the Indians to develop strategies for survival, described in Part III. Capable leadership, the maintenance of tribal tradition, cultural revitalization, new educational initiatives, and continuing connections among the Oneida communities have fostered a tribal reemergence and have allowed the Oneidas to maintain themselves as a unique and thriving people.
In this intimate volume the long-lost voices of Wisconsin Oneida men and women speak of all aspects of life: growing up, work and economic struggles, family relations, belief and religious practice, boarding-school life, love, sex, sports, and politics. These voices are drawn from a collection of handwritten accounts recently rediscovered after more than fifty years, the result of aøWPA Federal Writers? Project undertaking called the Oneida Ethnological Study (1940?42) in which a dozen Oneida men and women were hired to interview their families and friends and record their own experiences and observations. ø Selected from more than five hundred biographical narratives, these sixty-five chronicles, told by fifty-eight women and men, present a picture of Oneida Indian life from the 1880s, before the Dawes Allotment Act, through World War I and the Great Depression, to the beginning of World War II. Despite the narrators' struggles against harsh economic conditions, the theft of their land, and neglect, their firsthand histories are rendered with frankness and wit and present a remarkable picture of an era and a people.
Filled with colorful photographs, this thoroughly researched volume portrays the history and culture of the Oneidas for readers. The account of Oneida history covers such topics as the Iroquois Confederacy, the impact of European colonists on Oneida life, the struggles of Oneidas during the 19th and early 20th centuries, and the new prosperity of Oneidas in the 21st century. In its examination of Oneida culture, the book explores the nation’s traditional way of life, the role of clans, the important place of women in Oneida society, and Oneida beliefs. A timeline gives readers a brief history of the Oneidas at a glance, and additional resources and suggested activities offer readers more ways to learn about the Oneidas' fascinating culture.
Records of a WPA project to document the history and culture of the Oneida in Wisconsin, conducted through the University of Wisconsin. The records consist primarily of a series of notebooks from oral history interviews that took place between 1941-1942 that were conducted by Oneida tribe members under the direction of UW anthropologists. The interviews contain such topics as Oneida history, family life, religion, economic conditions, education, medicine, hunting and fishing, recreation, traditional stories and jokes, the Workers' Alliance, the Six Nations Confederacy, and the Oneida Indian Cooperative Association. Also included are Employment Eligibility Surveys conducted by the interviewers, focusing on the education level and work experience of tribe members, maps of Oneida Village and the surrounding area, and an index card file of citations, principally from the Green Bay Gazette, of news articles relating to the Oneida tribe from 1898-1904 and 1931-1940.
Looks at the history of the Oneida people, including government, traditions, culture, and the future of the Oneida people.
Essays exploring the relationship between the Wisconsin Native American tribe and the Episcopal clergy. This unique collaboration by academic historians, Oneida elders, and Episcopal clergy tells the fascinating story of how the oldest Protestant mission and house of worship in the upper Midwest took root in the Oneida community. Personal bonds that developed between the Episcopal clergy and the Wisconsin Oneidas proved more important than theology in allowing the community to accept the Christian message brought by outsiders. Episcopal bishops and missionaries in Wisconsin were at times defenders of the Oneidas against outside whites attempting to get at their lands and resources. At other times, these clergy initiated projects that the Oneidas saw as beneficial—a school, a hospital, or a lace-making program for Oneida women that provided a source of income and national recognition for their artistry. The clergy incorporated the Episcopal faith into an Iroquoian cultural and religious framework—the Condolence Council ritual—that had a longstanding history among the Six Nations. In turn, the Oneidas modified the very form of the Episcopal faith by using their own language in the Gloria in Excelsis and the Te Deum as well as by employing Oneida in their singing of Christian hymns. Christianity continues to have real meaning for many American Indians. The Wisconsin Oneidas and the Episcopal Church testifies to the power and legacy of that relationship.
A group of women on the Oneida Indian Reservation just outside Green Bay, Wisconsin, introduced bingo in 1976 simply to pay a few bills; bingo was soon paying the light bill at the struggling civic center and financing vital health and housing services for tribal elderly and poor. The Bingo Queens of Oneida: How Two Moms Started Tribal Gaming is the story of not only how one game helped revive the Oneida economy but also how one game strengthened the Oneida community.