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The China-Pakistan-Economic Project (CPEC) is the flagship project of Belt and Road Initiative by China. This project has attracted much of the focus and attention owing to its geostrategic significance where it connects China with Pakistan through the strategic port of Gwader and through a network of road and rail connection, henceforth improving China’s and Pakistan’s outreach in the Asian, African and European markets. This study takes a new direction and examines the development of CPEC projects across Pakistan by choosing six projects in both rural and urban areas and their impact on the daily lives of people as reflected in three crucial Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) encapsulated by the United Nations—good health and wellbeing, inclusive and equitable quality education, and decent work and economic growth (SDGs 3, 4, and 8, respectively). This is a new approach used to study the impact of the CPEC beyond geopolitics and for the common people in Pakistan who are directly or indirectly affected by various CPEC projects. This is under studied aspect of the literature on CPEC and this monograph adequately fills the gap in literature. The study takes a deep dive into 6 CPEC projects i.e., Sahiwal Coal Power Plant, Orange Line Metro Train, Lahore, Rasahkai Special Economic Zone, Peshawar-D.I.Khan Motorway, Kohala Power Plant and Neelum-Jehlum Power Plant to understand how these projects have affected the lives of common people through their impact on SDGs 3,4 and 8. For the first time people’s centric approach has been adopted to evaluate the development impacts of the CPEC.
This paper assesses the additional spending required to make substantial progress towards achieving the SDGs in Pakistan. We focus on critical areas of human (education and health) and physical (electricity, roads, and water and sanitation) capital. For each sector, we document the progress to date, assess where Pakistan stands relative to its peers, highlight key challenges, and estimate the additional spending required to make substantial progress. The estimates for the additional spending are derived using the IMF SDG costing methodology. We find that to achieve the SDGs in these sectors would require additional annual spending of about 16 percent of GDP in 2030 from the public and private sectors combined.
This book focuses on the implementation of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a multi-billion-dollar infrastructure development project intended to connect Asia with Europe, the Middle East and Africa. By introducing a new analytical approach to the study of economic corridors, it gauges the anticipated economic and geopolitical impacts on the region and discusses whether the CPEC will serve as a pioneer project for future regional cooperation between and integration of sub-national regions such as Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Gilgit-Baltistan. Further, it explores the interests, expectations and policy approaches of both Chinese and Pakistani local and central governments with regard to the CPEC’s implementation. Given its scope, the book will appeal to regional and spatial sciences scholars, as well as social scientists interested in the regional impacts of economic corridors. It also offers valuable information for policymakers in countries participating in the Belt-and-Road Initiative or other Chinese-supported development projects.
This collaborative volume​ discusses the One Belt One Road, or the New Silk Road, initiative of Chinese President Xi Jinping from the perspectives of the Belt and Road countries. This initiative has been viewed as a re-globalization drive by China in the backdrop of financial crisis of the West and the latter’s increasingly protectionist tendencies of late. Rather than ‘rebalancing’ towards a certain region, this is supposed to be China’s ‘global rebalancing’ aimed at inclusiveness and a win-win partnership. The initiative has raised hopes as well as suspicions about China's goals and intentions; that is, whether this is in sync with China’s foreign policy goals, such as multipolarity, no hegemonic aspirations, and common security, or if this is an antidote to the U.S. foreign policy goals in the region, and China’s ambition to realizing its long-term vision for Asian regional and global order. In this volume, a galaxy of eminent academics from India, China, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Germany and Southeast Asia have critically analysed every aspect of this mammoth project, including the six major economic corridors identified by China for policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, monetary circulation, and people to people exchanges. The authors have interpreted China’s peripheral, regional as well as global diplomacy both over land and sea. This topical volume is of interest to scholars and students of Asian studies, China studies, Asian history, development studies, international relations and international trade.
While policy makers, media, and the international community focus their attention on Pakistan’s ongoing security challenges, the potential of the rural economy, and particularly the agricultural sector, to improve Pakistanis’ well-being is being neglected. Agriculture is crucial to Pakistan’s economy. Almost half of the country’s labor force works in the agricultural sector, which produces food and inputs for industry (such as cotton for textiles) and accounts for over a third of Pakistan’s total export earnings. Equally important are nonfarm economic activities in rural areas, such as retail sales in small village shops, transportation services, and education and health services in local schools and clinics. Rural nonfarm activities account for between 40 and 57 percent of total rural household income. Their large share of income means that the agricultural sector and the rural nonfarm economy have vital roles to play in promoting growth and reducing poverty in Pakistan.
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)--the latest venture in a history of bilateral economic cooperation, with a $46 billion investment in energy and infrastructure development in Pakistan--is considered a game changer for Pakistan's economy. As a flagship project of China's One Belt One Road initiative, the corridor will connect Kashgar in Western China with the port of Gwadar in Pakistan on the Arabian Sea, serving as a gateway to the Middle East, Africa, and Central Asia. The CPEC, in addition to boosting Pakistan's economy and meeting China's energy needs and development of its western region, is likely to bring stability in the region through economic integration. Nonetheless, a project of such scale certainly faces equally significant challenges. This thesis examines obstacles that have the potential to affect the implementation of the project, including the unstable situation in Afghanistan, competing interests of immediate neighbors like India and Iran, especially India's suspicions, and U.S. concerns about the initiative. The thesis draws from a wide range of scholarly and peer-reviewed literature, academic journals, think-tank reports, and government-sponsored studies. Missing from their analysis, though, is the consideration of the regional geopolitical dynamics and Pakistan's domestic challenges, particularly insecurity and violence that can affect the implementation of the CPEC project. This thesis seeks to address that gap and provides policy recommendations for Pakistan to deal with potential impediments in implementation of the project.