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On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that separate school facilities were inherently unequal and thus unconstitutional and illegal. Today, 50 years after this landmark decision, much debate surrounds the efficacy of the ruling, particularly for its impact on the education of children of color in U.S. schools. In reality, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, was never solely about education; neither did the case include only plaintiffs from Topeka. Both points are important to note as we reflect on the legacy of Brown a half century after the ruling. This journal offers articles, an interview, book reviews and a media review around this area.
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After slavery ended, former slaves gained greater access to education, and free schools became available to children and adults. Over time, free schooling for African Americans in the South began to decrease, and the South became completely segregated. To make matters worse, in the court case Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal. Believing the ruling was unconstitutional, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) hired lawyers like Charles Hamilton Houston and Thurgood Marshall to fight against segregation in schools. The NAACP started to look for African American parents who had children in public schools that were not equal to white schools. The five cases that make up Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, were heard by the Supreme Court. The Court s 1954 ruling completely changed the direction of American education.
After slavery ended, former slaves gained greater access to education, and free schools became available to children and adults. Over time, free schooling for African Americans in the South began to decrease, and the South became completely segregated. To make matters worse, in the court case Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal. Believing the ruling was unconstitutional, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) hired lawyers like Charles Hamilton Houston and Thurgood Marshall to fight against segregation in schools. The NAACP started to look for African American parents who had children in public schools that were not equal to white schools. The five cases that make up Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, were heard by the Supreme Court. The Court's 1954 ruling completely changed the direction of American education. Book jacket.
Examines the case of an African American girl whom the Board of Education refused admission into school.
Here, in a concise narrative, historian James T. Patterson takes readers through the dramatic case of Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka in May 1954, the ruling that struck down state-sponsored racila segregation in America's public schools. and its 50-year aftermath.
Today, integration is as much a part of America's public school system as Friday night football and complaints about cafeteria food. But America has not always opened the doors of its schools to all races. School integration occurred through the tireless efforts of countless men and women - some white, many black - who took their ideals and dreams about America and what it represents and worked to make them not only the law of the land, but acceptable to the vast majority of citizens. Here is the story of the relentless legal campaign launched by the NAACP civil rights organization and a persistent black lawyer named Thurgood Marshall, and how it changed history forever. Brown v. Board of Education was one of the most important Supreme Court decisions of the 20th century.
The road to civil rights in the United States went down many paths, but one of the most important ones involved schools. For years, African Americans were forced to study in separate, inferior schools, sentencing many of them to a life of poverty without hope of upward mobility. This volume allows readers to examine how that outlook changed in the middle of the twentieth century. Readers will learn why the old system went unchallenged for so long and how the schools in the United States finally opened their doors to all.