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Six Chemicals That Changed Agriculture is a scientific look at how the chemicals used in today's food production were developed, evaluated, and came to be in wide-spread use. From fertilizers to pest management, antibiotics to DNA, chemicals have transformed the way our food is grown, protected, and processed. Agriculture is the world's most important environment interaction, the essential human activity, and an increasingly controversial activity because of its use and presumed misuse of chemistry. The major characteristics of US agriculture for at least the last six decades have been rising productivity, declining number of mid-size farms, increasing farm size, an increasing percentage of farm production on fewer, large farms, increasing dependence of chemical technology and more developmental research being done by the agricultural chemical industry rather than by independent land-grant universities. Another equally important feature of modern agriculture is wide-spread suspicion of its technology by the public. The book will recount examples of this suspicion related to specific chemicals and present the essence of the suspicion and its results. - Offers an historical analysis of the discovery and development some aspects of the chemistry of modern agriculture - Addresses the advantages, disadvantages, desirable and undesirable results of the use of each of the chosen chemicals and compares and contrasts the real and frequently assumed problems of their use - Provides valuable insights into the history and application of these focused chemicals, enabling readers to apply the lessons to new agricultural chemical developments
Excerpt from The Chemistry of the Soil as Related to Crop Production The objects to be attained in the management of a soil are the deter mination of the crop or crops adapted to it, the regulation Of the yield, and the control of the quality of the product. The investigations made by the Bureau of Soils during the last ten years have Shown that the economic distribution of crops is dependent mainly upon the physical characteristics of soils and upon climate. It has been believed that the chemical characteristics of soils have a more or less direct and controlling influence on the yield Of a crop On any particular soil; that is to say, where wheat yielded 10 bushels per acre in one field, and in an adjoining field (the soil of which had the same texture, so far as could be determined, although it might be in a better physical condition) 25 or 30 bushels were Obtained, this difference in yield would be found to be due to or associated with a difference in the amount of available plant food in the soil of the two fields. It was believed, further, that the better physical condition resulting through loosening up and aerating the soil and exposing it to the weathering influence of the atmosphere by better and more thorough methods Of cultivation would in itself prepare a larger amount of readily available food material for the use of crops. These two subjects, distribution and yield, are both of vital impor tance to the farmer; but While the yield of crops has been a study for the experimenter and farmer alike throughout historic times, too little attention has been paid by him to the adaptation of particular soils to crops. The yield is to-day the paramount question with the farmer, and all his energy and resources in the last analysis tend to this end. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Crops and the soil. The world's food factory, or the plant in air and light. Soil life. Where the nitrogen comes from. Maintaining soil fertility. Cereals. Sugar and sugar crops. Fruit and vegetables. Fermentations on the farm. Chemical warfare to save the crops. Agriculture and the evolution of our diet. Vitamins in hyman and animal nutrition. Meat in its relation to human nutrition and agriculture. Chemistry as a guide in animal production. The chemistry of milk and its products. The chemist as detective and policeman, or fertilizer, freed and insecticide control.
Enormous increases in agricultural productivity can properly be associated with the use of chemicals. This statement applies equally to crop production through the use of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides, as to livestock production and the associated use of drugs, steroids and other growth accelerators. There is, however a dark side to this picture and it is important to balance the benefits which flow from the use of agricultural chemicals against their environmental impacts which sometimes are seriously disadvantageous. Agricultural Chemicals and the Environment explores a variety of issues which currently are subject to wide-ranging debate and are of concern not only to the scientific establishment and to students, but also to farmers, landowners, managers, legislators, and to the general public.
Join Thomas Anderson as he demystifies the principles of agricultural chemistry in this accessible and practical book. With a focus on simplicity, Anderson provides essential knowledge for farmers, presenting the main principles and fundamentals of soil chemistry in a reader-friendly manner. From the organic constituents of plants, including carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, to the proximate constituents such as saccharine and amylaceous compounds, delve into the intricate makeup of agricultural elements. Discover the changes that occur in plant food during growth, the role of inorganic constituents, and the chemical and physical characteristics of soil. With insights into manuring techniques, the composition of animal and vegetable manures, as well as the properties of mineral manures, this comprehensive guide equips farmers with the tools to enhance crop rotation and optimize feeding for farm stock.
A guide to the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the relevant social and environmental issues Pesticides in Crop Production offers an important resource that explores pesticide action in plants; pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals; bioaccumulation of pesticides and sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides. The authors explore pesticide risk assessment, the development of pesticide resistance in pests, microbial remediation of pesticide intoxicated legumes and pesticide toxicity amelioration in plants by plant hormones. The authors include information on eco-friendly pest management. They review the impact of pesticides on soil microorganism, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and terrestrial animals including human beings. The book also contains an analysis of pesticide by GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) a reliable method for the quantification and confirmation of multiclass pesticide residues. This important book: Offers a comprehensive guide to the use of the diversity of pesticides and the pertinent social and environmental issues Explores the impact of pesticides from morphological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives Shows how pesticides affects soil microorganisms, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and animals Critically examines whether chemical pesticides are boon or bane and whether they can be replaced by environmental friendly pesticides Written for students, researchers and professionals in agriculture, botany, entomology and biotechnology, Pesticides in Crop Production examines the effects of chemical pesticides and the feasibility of using bio-pesticides.